TY - JOUR
T1 - X-ray detection of the most extreme star-forming galaxiesãt the cosmic noon via strong lensing
AU - Wang, Q. Daniel
AU - Diaz, Carlos Garcia
AU - Kamieneski, Patrick S.
AU - Harrington, Kevin C.
AU - Yun, Min S.
AU - Foo, Nicholas
AU - Frye, Brenda L.
AU - Jimenez-Andrade, Eric F.
AU - Liu, Daizhong
AU - Lowenthal, James D.
AU - Pampliega, Belén Alcalde
AU - Pascale, Massimo
AU - Vishwas, Amit
AU - Gurwell, Mark A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Author(s).
PY - 2024/2/1
Y1 - 2024/2/1
N2 - Hyperluminous infrared galaxies (HyLIRGs)ãre the most extreme star-forming systems observed in the early Universe,ãnd their properties still elude comprehensive understanding. We have undertakenã large XMM -Newton observing programme to probe the totalãccreting black hole population in three HyLIRGsãt z = 2.12, 3.25,ãnd 3.55, gravitationally lensed by foreground galaxies. Selected from the Planck All-Sky Survey to Analyse Gravitationally lensed Extreme Starbursts (PASSAGES), these HyLIRGs haveãpparent infrared luminosities > 10 14 L⊙. Our observãtions re vealed X-ray emission in each of them. PJ1336 + 49ãppears to be dominated by high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs). Remarkably, the luminosity of this non-AGN X-ray emission exceeds byã factor ofãbout 3 the value obtained by calibration with local galaxies with much lower star formation rates. This enhanced X-ray emission most likely highlights the efficacy of dynamical HMXB production within compact clusters, which isãn important mode of star formation in HyLIRGs. The remaining two (PJ0116 -24ãnd PJ1053 + 60) morphologicallyãnd spectrally exhibitã compact X-ray component inãddition to the extended non-AGN X-ray emission, indicating the presence of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs). The AGNãppears to be centrally located in the reconstructed source plane images of PJ0116 -24, which manifests its star-formingãctivity predominantly withinãn extended galactic disc. In contrast, the AGN in the field of PJ1053 + 60 is projected 60 kpcãway from the extreme star-forming galaxyãnd could be ejected from it. These results underline the synergistic potential of deep X-ray observations with strong lensing for the study of high-energyãstrophysical phenomena in HyLIRGs.
AB - Hyperluminous infrared galaxies (HyLIRGs)ãre the most extreme star-forming systems observed in the early Universe,ãnd their properties still elude comprehensive understanding. We have undertakenã large XMM -Newton observing programme to probe the totalãccreting black hole population in three HyLIRGsãt z = 2.12, 3.25,ãnd 3.55, gravitationally lensed by foreground galaxies. Selected from the Planck All-Sky Survey to Analyse Gravitationally lensed Extreme Starbursts (PASSAGES), these HyLIRGs haveãpparent infrared luminosities > 10 14 L⊙. Our observãtions re vealed X-ray emission in each of them. PJ1336 + 49ãppears to be dominated by high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs). Remarkably, the luminosity of this non-AGN X-ray emission exceeds byã factor ofãbout 3 the value obtained by calibration with local galaxies with much lower star formation rates. This enhanced X-ray emission most likely highlights the efficacy of dynamical HMXB production within compact clusters, which isãn important mode of star formation in HyLIRGs. The remaining two (PJ0116 -24ãnd PJ1053 + 60) morphologicallyãnd spectrally exhibitã compact X-ray component inãddition to the extended non-AGN X-ray emission, indicating the presence of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs). The AGNãppears to be centrally located in the reconstructed source plane images of PJ0116 -24, which manifests its star-formingãctivity predominantly withinãn extended galactic disc. In contrast, the AGN in the field of PJ1053 + 60 is projected 60 kpcãway from the extreme star-forming galaxyãnd could be ejected from it. These results underline the synergistic potential of deep X-ray observations with strong lensing for the study of high-energyãstrophysical phenomena in HyLIRGs.
KW - X- rays: galaxies
KW - X-rays: binaries
KW - galaxies: high-redshift
KW - galaxies: nuclei
KW - galaxies: starburst
KW - gravitational lensing: strong
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85183432389
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85183432389#tab=citedBy
U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stad3827
DO - 10.1093/mnras/stad3827
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85183432389
SN - 0035-8711
VL - 527
SP - 10584
EP - 10603
JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
IS - 4
ER -