@article{b7fa97199ab341eb8c1afd530bfb83be,
title = "Vitamin c for cardiac protection during percutaneous coronary intervention: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials",
abstract = "Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the preferred treatment for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) secondary to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. This nonsurgical procedure is also used for selective patients with stable angina. Although the procedure is essential for restoring blood flow, reperfusion can increase oxidative stress as a side effect. We address whether intravenous infusion of vitamin C (VC) prior to PCI provides a benefit for cardioprotection. A total of eight randomized controlled trials (RCT) reported in the literature were selected from 371 publications through systematic literature searches in six electronic databases. The data of VC effect on cardiac injury biomarkers and cardiac function were extracted from these trials adding up to a total of 1185 patients. VC administration reduced cardiac injury as measured by troponin and CK-MB elevations, along with increased antioxidant reservoir, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased inflammatory markers. Improvement of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and telediastolic left ventricular volume (TLVV) showed a trend but inconclusive association with VC. Intravenous infusion of VC before PCI may serve as an effective method for cardioprotection against reperfusion injury.",
keywords = "CK-MB, Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), Periprocedural myocardial injury (PMI), Reactive oxygen species (ROS), Troponin, Vitamin C (VC)",
author = "Khan, {Sher Ali} and Sandipan Bhattacharjee and Ghani, {Muhammad Owais Abdul} and Rachel Walden and Chen, {Qin M.}",
note = "Funding Information: The trial did not have a funding source unless indicated by “a”or “b”. “a”indicates funding source of Chile National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FONDECYT), “b” indicates funding source of the Medical Research Council of Canada. “c” indicates that three articles were combined to represent one trial, they were Basili et al., 2010 [43], Pignatelli et al., 2011 [42] and Basili et al., 2011 [34]. The trial was placebo controlled unless indicated by “d”. “d”indicates control group received standard treatment. “e” indicates that an oral dose of vitamin E (alpha Tocopherol) 800 IU administered before PCI, oral doses of vitamin C 500 mg/12 h and vitamin E (alpha Tocopherol) 400 IU/d administered after PCI for 84 days. “f” indicates that oral doses of vitamin C 1 g, vitamin A 50 U and vitamin E 300 mg were administered after PCI daily for one month. “g” indicates that oral doses of vitamin C 500 mg, vitamin E (alpha Tocopherol) 700 IU and beta-carotene 30,000 IU twice daily for one month before PCI and for five to seven months after PCI, plus an extra dose of Vitamin E (alpha Tocopherol) 2000 IU 12 h before PCI. SA: stable angina; ACS: acute coronary syndrome; Diag: diagnosis; Ctr: control group; VC: vitamin C group; Tx: Treatment; IV: intravenous; IC: Intra-coronary; NA: not available despite the effort of contacting the correspondent authors. Funding Information: The included trials were conducted in different geographical locations, i.e., Asia, Europe, South America and North America. Such geographical distributions provide multiethnicity in overall samples and facilitate the generalization of conclusions. The trials were either unfunded or were supported through grants from government or academic centers. None of the trials was funded by for-profit agencies, thereby reducing monetary bias. The overall risk of bias assessed with the Cochrane tool was low. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",
year = "2020",
month = aug,
doi = "10.3390/nu12082199",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "12",
pages = "1--21",
journal = "Nutrients",
issn = "2072-6643",
publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",
number = "8",
}