@article{c399635a36ad404098787d098b0c45d1,
title = "Vitamin B6 catabolism and lung cancer risk: Results from the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3)",
abstract = "Background Increased vitamin B6 catabolism related to inflammation, as measured by the PAr index (the ratio of 4-pyridoxic acid over the sum of pyridoxal and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate), has been positively associated with lung cancer risk in two prospective European studies. However, the extent to which this association translates to more diverse populations is not known. Materials and methods For this study, we included 5323 incident lung cancer cases and 5323 controls individually matched by age, sex, and smoking status within each of 20 prospective cohorts from the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium. Cohort-specific odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between PAr and lung cancer risk were calculated using conditional logistic regression and pooled using random-effects models. Results PAr was positively associated with lung cancer risk in a dose-response fashion. Comparing the fourth versus first quartiles of PAr resulted in an OR of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.19-1.59) for overall lung cancer risk. The association between PAr and lung cancer risk was most prominent in former smokers (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.36-2.10), men (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.28-2.00), and for cancers diagnosed within 3 years of blood draw (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.34-2.23). Conclusion Based on pre-diagnostic data from 20 cohorts across 4 continents, this study confirms that increased vitamin B6 catabolism related to inflammation and immune activation is associated with a higher risk of developing lung cancer. Moreover, PAr may be a pre-diagnostic marker of lung cancer rather than a causal factor.",
keywords = "Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium, PAr, inflammation, lung cancer, nested case-control study, vitamin B6",
author = "H. Zuo and Ueland, {P. M.} and Midttun and Tell, {G. S.} and A. Fanidi and W. Zheng and X. Shu and Y. Xiang and J. Wu and R. Prentice and M. Pettinger and Thomson, {C. A.} and Giles, {G. G.} and A. Hodge and Q. Cai and Blot, {W. J.} and M. Johansson and J. Hultdin and K. Grankvist and Stevens, {V. L.} and McCullough, {M. L.} and Weinstein, {S. J.} and D. Albanes and Ziegler, {R. G.} and Freedman, {N. D.} and Caporaso, {N. E.} and A. Langhammer and K. Hveem and M. N{\ae}ss and Buring, {J. E.} and I. Lee and Gaziano, {J. M.} and G. Severi and X. Zhang and Stampfer, {M. J.} and J. Han and A. Zeleniuch-Jacquotte and Marchand, {L. L.} and J. Yuan and R. Wang and W. Koh and Y. Gao and U. Ericson and K. Visvanathan and Jones, {M. R.} and C. Relton and P. Brennan and M. Johansson and A. Ulvik",
note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the participants and staff of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study and Nurses{\textquoteright} Health Study for their valuable contributions as well as the following state cancer registries for their help: AL, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, ID, IL, IN, IA, KY, LA, ME, MD, MA, MI, NE, NH, NJ, NY, NC, ND, OH, OK, OR, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, WA, WY. The authors assume full responsibility for analyses and interpretation of these data. Cancer incidence data for the Campaign Against Cancer and Stroke (CLUE I) and the Campaign Against Cancer and Heart Disease (CLUE II) cohorts were provided by the Maryland Cancer Registry, Center for Cancer Surveillance and Control, Department of Health 201 W. Preston Street, Room 400, Baltimore, MD 21201, https://phpa.health.maryland.gov/can cer/Pages/mcr_home.aspx, 410-767-4055. The CLUE authors would like to thank the State of Maryland, the Maryland Cigarette Restitution Fund, and the National Program of Cancer Registries of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for the funds that helped support the collection and availability of the cancer registry data. The CLUE authors would also like to thank the CLUE participants and staff at the George W. Comstock Center for Public Health Research and Prevention. Funding Information: The Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3) was supported by National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute (1U01CA155340-01) and National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia (1050198). The Health Professionals Follow-up Study and Nurses{\textquoteright} Health Study were supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants UM1CA186107, P50CA127003, P01CA87969, R01CA49449, and UM1 CA167552. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.",
year = "2019",
month = mar,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/annonc/mdz002",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "30",
pages = "478--485",
journal = "Annals of Oncology",
issn = "0923-7534",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "3",
}