TY - JOUR
T1 - US pharmacists' effect as team members on patient care
T2 - Systematic review and meta-analyses
AU - Chisholm-Burns, Marie A.
AU - Kim Lee, Jeannie
AU - Spivey, Christina A.
AU - Slack, Marion K
AU - Herrier, Richard N.
AU - Hall-Lipsy, Elizabeth A
AU - Graff Zivin, Joshua
AU - Abraham, Ivo
AU - Palmer, John
AU - Martin, Jennifer R.
AU - Kramer, Sandra S.
AU - Wunz, Timothy
PY - 2010/10
Y1 - 2010/10
N2 - Background: One approach postulated to improve the provision of health care is effective utilization of team-based care including pharmacists. Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive systematic review with focused meta-analyses to examine the effects of pharmacist-provided direct patient care on therapeutic, safety, and humanistic outcomes. Methods: The following databases were searched from inception to January 2009: NLM PubMed; Ovid/MEDLINE; ABI/INFORM; Health Business Fulltext Elite; Academic Search Complete; International Pharmaceutical Abstracts; PsycINFO; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; National Guideline Clearinghouse; Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects; ClinicalTrials.gov; LexisNexis Academic Universe; and Google Scholar. Studies selected included those reporting pharmacist-provided care, comparison groups, and patient-related outcomes. Of these, 56,573 citations were considered. Data were extracted by multidisciplinary study review teams. Variables examined included study characteristics, pharmacists' interventions/services, patient characteristics, and study outcomes. Data for meta-analyses were extracted from randomized controlled trials meeting meta-analysis criteria. Results: A total of 298 studies were included. Favorable results were found in therapeutic and safety outcomes, and meta-analyses conducted for hemoglobin A1c, LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, and adverse drug events were significant (P < 0.05), favoring pharmacists' direct patient care over comparative services. Results for humanistic outcomes were favorable with variability. Medication adherence, patient knowledge, and quality of life-general health meta-analyses were significant (P < 0.05), favoring pharmacists' direct patient care. Conclusions: Pharmacist-provided direct patient care has favorable effects across various patient outcomes, health care settings, and disease states. Incorporating pharmacists as health care team members in direct patient care is a viable solution to help improve US health care.
AB - Background: One approach postulated to improve the provision of health care is effective utilization of team-based care including pharmacists. Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive systematic review with focused meta-analyses to examine the effects of pharmacist-provided direct patient care on therapeutic, safety, and humanistic outcomes. Methods: The following databases were searched from inception to January 2009: NLM PubMed; Ovid/MEDLINE; ABI/INFORM; Health Business Fulltext Elite; Academic Search Complete; International Pharmaceutical Abstracts; PsycINFO; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; National Guideline Clearinghouse; Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects; ClinicalTrials.gov; LexisNexis Academic Universe; and Google Scholar. Studies selected included those reporting pharmacist-provided care, comparison groups, and patient-related outcomes. Of these, 56,573 citations were considered. Data were extracted by multidisciplinary study review teams. Variables examined included study characteristics, pharmacists' interventions/services, patient characteristics, and study outcomes. Data for meta-analyses were extracted from randomized controlled trials meeting meta-analysis criteria. Results: A total of 298 studies were included. Favorable results were found in therapeutic and safety outcomes, and meta-analyses conducted for hemoglobin A1c, LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, and adverse drug events were significant (P < 0.05), favoring pharmacists' direct patient care over comparative services. Results for humanistic outcomes were favorable with variability. Medication adherence, patient knowledge, and quality of life-general health meta-analyses were significant (P < 0.05), favoring pharmacists' direct patient care. Conclusions: Pharmacist-provided direct patient care has favorable effects across various patient outcomes, health care settings, and disease states. Incorporating pharmacists as health care team members in direct patient care is a viable solution to help improve US health care.
KW - direct patient care
KW - meta-analysis
KW - pharmacists
KW - systematic review
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77957279314&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77957279314&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181e57962
DO - 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181e57962
M3 - Article
C2 - 20720510
AN - SCOPUS:77957279314
SN - 0025-7079
VL - 48
SP - 923
EP - 933
JO - Medical care
JF - Medical care
IS - 10
ER -