TY - JOUR
T1 - Ultra-strong nonlinear optical processes and trigonal warping in MoS2 layers
AU - Säynätjoki, Antti
AU - Karvonen, Lasse
AU - Rostami, Habib
AU - Autere, Anton
AU - Mehravar, Soroush
AU - Lombardo, Antonio
AU - Norwood, Robert A.
AU - Hasan, Tawfique
AU - Peyghambarian, Nasser
AU - Lipsanen, Harri
AU - Kieu, Khanh
AU - Ferrari, Andrea C.
AU - Polini, Marco
AU - Sun, Zhipei
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank M.J. Huttunen and R.W. Boyd for useful discussions. We acknowledge funding from the Academy of Finland (Nos: 276376, 284548, 295777, 298297, and 304666), TEKES (NP-Nano, OPEC), Royal Academy of Engineering (RAEng) Research Fellowships, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, the Graphene Flagship, ERC grants Hetero2D, Nokia Foundation, EPSRC Grants EP/K01711X/1, EP/K017144/1, EP/ L016087/1, AFOSR COMAS MURI (FA9550-10-1-0558), ONR NECom MURI, CIAN NSF ERC under Grant EEC-0812072, and TRIF Photonics funding from the state of Arizona and the Micronova, Nanofabrication Centre of Aalto University.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 The Author(s).
PY - 2017/12/1
Y1 - 2017/12/1
N2 - Nonlinear optical processes, such as harmonic generation, are of great interest for various applications, e.g., microscopy, therapy, and frequency conversion. However, high-order harmonic conversion is typically much less efficient than low-order, due to the weak intrinsic response of the higher-order nonlinear processes. Here we report ultra-strong optical nonlinearities in monolayer MoS2 (1L-MoS2): the third harmonic is 30 times stronger than the second, and the fourth is comparable to the second. The third harmonic generation efficiency for 1L-MoS2 is approximately three times higher than that for graphene, which was reported to have a large χ (3). We explain this by calculating the nonlinear response functions of 1L-MoS2 with a continuum-model Hamiltonian and quantum mechanical diagrammatic perturbation theory, highlighting the role of trigonal warping. A similar effect is expected in all other transition-metal dichalcogenides. Our results pave the way for efficient harmonic generation based on layered materials for applications such as microscopy and imaging.
AB - Nonlinear optical processes, such as harmonic generation, are of great interest for various applications, e.g., microscopy, therapy, and frequency conversion. However, high-order harmonic conversion is typically much less efficient than low-order, due to the weak intrinsic response of the higher-order nonlinear processes. Here we report ultra-strong optical nonlinearities in monolayer MoS2 (1L-MoS2): the third harmonic is 30 times stronger than the second, and the fourth is comparable to the second. The third harmonic generation efficiency for 1L-MoS2 is approximately three times higher than that for graphene, which was reported to have a large χ (3). We explain this by calculating the nonlinear response functions of 1L-MoS2 with a continuum-model Hamiltonian and quantum mechanical diagrammatic perturbation theory, highlighting the role of trigonal warping. A similar effect is expected in all other transition-metal dichalcogenides. Our results pave the way for efficient harmonic generation based on layered materials for applications such as microscopy and imaging.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41467-017-00749-4
DO - 10.1038/s41467-017-00749-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 29026087
AN - SCOPUS:85031282326
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 8
JO - Nature communications
JF - Nature communications
IS - 1
M1 - 893
ER -