Tyrosine-hydroxylase-containing neurons in the primate basal forebrain magnocellular complex

Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were used to study the distribution of putative catecholaminergic neurons in the basal forebrain magnocellular complex (BFMC) of monkeys and humans. Magnocellular TH-expressing neurons in the primate BFMC are distributed along a rostrocaudal gradient, with the largest proportion of these cells located in the medial septal nucleus and nucleus of the diagonal band of Broca; smaller TH-containing neurons generally follow the same distribution. These findings suggest that, within rostromedial segments of the BFMC, there is a distinct subpopulation of neurons that express catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes. Further research is necessary to establish whether these neurons utilize one or more catecholamines as neurotransmitters.