TY - JOUR
T1 - Timing of bone marrow cell delivery has minimal effects on cell viability and cardiac recovery after myocardial infarction
AU - Swijnenburg, Rutger Jan
AU - Govaert, Johannes A.
AU - Van Der Bogt, Koen E.A.
AU - Pearl, Jeremy I.
AU - Huang, Mei
AU - Stein, William
AU - Hoyt, Grant
AU - Vogel, Hannes
AU - Contag, Christopher H.
AU - Robbins, Robert C.
AU - Wu, Joseph C.
PY - 2010/1
Y1 - 2010/1
N2 - Background-Despite ongoing clinical trials, the optimal time for delivery of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMCs) after myocardial infarction is unclear. We compared the viability and effects of transplanted BMCs on cardiac function in the acute and subacute inflammatory phases of myocardial infarction. Methods and Results-The time course of acute inflammatory cell infiltration was quantified by FACS analysis of enzymatically digested hearts of FVB mice (n=12) after left anterior descending artery ligation. Mac-1 +Gr-1 high neutrophil infiltration peaked at day 4. BMCs were harvested from transgenic FVB mice expressing firefly luciferase (Fluc) and green fluorescent protein (GFP). Afterward, 2.5 ×10 6 BMCs were injected into the left ventricle of wild-type FVB mice either immediately (acute BMC) or 7 days (subacute BMC) after myocardial infarction, or after a sham procedure (n=8 per group). In vivo bioluminescence imaging showed an early signal increase in both BMC groups at day 7, followed by a nonsignificant trend (P=0.203) toward improved BMC survival in the subacute BMC group that persisted until the bioluminescence imaging signal reached background levels after 42 days. Compared with controls (myocardial infarction+saline injection), echocardiography showed a significant preservation of fractional shortening at 4 weeks (acute BMC versus saline; P<0.01) and 6 weeks (both BMC groups versus saline; P<0.05) but no significant differences between the 2 BMC groups. FACS analysis of BMC-injected hearts at day 7 revealed that GFP + BMCs expressed hematopoietic (CD45, Mac-1, Gr-1), minimal progenitor (Sca-1, c-kit), and no endothelial (CD133, Flk-1) or cardiac (Trop-T) cell markers. Conclusion-Timing of BMC delivery has minimal effects on intramyocardial retention and preservation of cardiac function. In general, there is poor long-term engraftment and BMCs tend to adopt inflammatory cell phenotypes.
AB - Background-Despite ongoing clinical trials, the optimal time for delivery of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMCs) after myocardial infarction is unclear. We compared the viability and effects of transplanted BMCs on cardiac function in the acute and subacute inflammatory phases of myocardial infarction. Methods and Results-The time course of acute inflammatory cell infiltration was quantified by FACS analysis of enzymatically digested hearts of FVB mice (n=12) after left anterior descending artery ligation. Mac-1 +Gr-1 high neutrophil infiltration peaked at day 4. BMCs were harvested from transgenic FVB mice expressing firefly luciferase (Fluc) and green fluorescent protein (GFP). Afterward, 2.5 ×10 6 BMCs were injected into the left ventricle of wild-type FVB mice either immediately (acute BMC) or 7 days (subacute BMC) after myocardial infarction, or after a sham procedure (n=8 per group). In vivo bioluminescence imaging showed an early signal increase in both BMC groups at day 7, followed by a nonsignificant trend (P=0.203) toward improved BMC survival in the subacute BMC group that persisted until the bioluminescence imaging signal reached background levels after 42 days. Compared with controls (myocardial infarction+saline injection), echocardiography showed a significant preservation of fractional shortening at 4 weeks (acute BMC versus saline; P<0.01) and 6 weeks (both BMC groups versus saline; P<0.05) but no significant differences between the 2 BMC groups. FACS analysis of BMC-injected hearts at day 7 revealed that GFP + BMCs expressed hematopoietic (CD45, Mac-1, Gr-1), minimal progenitor (Sca-1, c-kit), and no endothelial (CD133, Flk-1) or cardiac (Trop-T) cell markers. Conclusion-Timing of BMC delivery has minimal effects on intramyocardial retention and preservation of cardiac function. In general, there is poor long-term engraftment and BMCs tend to adopt inflammatory cell phenotypes.
KW - Bioluminescent imaging
KW - Bone marrow mononuclear cells
KW - Delivery timing
KW - Myocardial infarction
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U2 - 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.109.872085
DO - 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.109.872085
M3 - Article
C2 - 19920031
AN - SCOPUS:75749088594
VL - 3
SP - 77
EP - 85
JO - Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging
JF - Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging
SN - 1941-9651
IS - 1
ER -