Thermodynamic Quantities of Hydrochloric Acid in Isopropanol-Water, 1,2-Dimethoxyethane-Water, and Tetrahydrofuran-Water Mixtures

The thermodynamic quantities ΔG¹, ΔS⁰, and ΔH⁰ for the process of transfer of HCl from waerr to isopropanol-water, 1,2-dimethoxyethane-water, and tetrahydro-furan-water mixtures have been evaluated from the E_n values and the variations of E_m with temperature. The cell previously used was of the type Pt, H₂ (gas, 1 atm)[HCl(m), organic solvent (X), water (Y) AgCl, Ag. For isopropanol-water mixtures, the electrostatic part of the total Gibbs energy (free energy), entropy, and enthalpy of transfer weee calculated using the Born equation and hence the chemical (nonelectrostatic effect of the thermodynamic functions has been obtained by subtracting the electrostatic contribution from the total transfer quantities). The significance of the data in relation to the acid-base properties for all the mixed solvents and the breakdown of the structuee of water on the gradual addition of isopropanol have been discussed.