Theoretical analysis of hybrid flat-panel detector arrays for digital X-ray fluoroscopy: General system architecture, signal, and noise processes

Sankararaman Suryanarayanan; Andrew Karellas; Srinivasan Vedantham

doi:10.1109/JSEN.2001.936934

Theoretical analysis of hybrid flat-panel detector arrays for digital X-ray fluoroscopy: General system architecture, signal, and noise processes

Sankararaman Suryanarayanan
, Andrew Karellas
, Srinivasan Vedantham

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Semiconductor flat-panel detector arrays are being investigated for applications in digital x-ray medical imaging. This paper describes the system architecture and theoretical signal and noise processes of a proposed hybrid cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) based CMOS active pixel sensor (APS) array for fluoroscopy. Simulations were performed using an 80-kVp-tungsten spectrum and a 200-/J,m pixel. The proposed system appears to exhibit favorable characteristics in terms of charge generation, lag, quantum noise, and other electronic sources of noise, and compared well with other direct conversion detectors. Overall, we expect the system to be x-ray quantum noise limited under diagnostic exposure conditions for fluoroscopy and conclude that the proposed imager exhibits promising characteristics for applications in diagnostic x-ray imaging.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	168-174
Number of pages	7
Journal	IEEE Sensors Journal
Volume	1
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2001.936934
State	Published - 2001
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

CMOS
Cadmium zinc telluride
Digital flouroscopy
Noise analysis
Semiconductor detector
X-ray

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Instrumentation
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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10.1109/JSEN.2001.936934

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title = "Theoretical analysis of hybrid flat-panel detector arrays for digital X-ray fluoroscopy: General system architecture, signal, and noise processes",

abstract = "Semiconductor flat-panel detector arrays are being investigated for applications in digital x-ray medical imaging. This paper describes the system architecture and theoretical signal and noise processes of a proposed hybrid cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) based CMOS active pixel sensor (APS) array for fluoroscopy. Simulations were performed using an 80-kVp-tungsten spectrum and a 200-/J,m pixel. The proposed system appears to exhibit favorable characteristics in terms of charge generation, lag, quantum noise, and other electronic sources of noise, and compared well with other direct conversion detectors. Overall, we expect the system to be x-ray quantum noise limited under diagnostic exposure conditions for fluoroscopy and conclude that the proposed imager exhibits promising characteristics for applications in diagnostic x-ray imaging.",

keywords = "CMOS, Cadmium zinc telluride, Digital flouroscopy, Noise analysis, Semiconductor detector, X-ray",

author = "Sankararaman Suryanarayanan and Andrew Karellas and Srinivasan Vedantham",

note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received September 8, 2000; revised April 27, 2001. This work was supported in part by NIH Grant RO1 HL65551 (Andrew Karellas Ph.D., Principal Investigator) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), and its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NHLBI or NIH. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Dr. Richard T. Kouzes.",

year = "2001",

doi = "10.1109/JSEN.2001.936934",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "1",

pages = "168--174",

journal = "IEEE Sensors Journal",

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T2 - General system architecture, signal, and noise processes

AU - Suryanarayanan, Sankararaman

AU - Karellas, Andrew

AU - Vedantham, Srinivasan

N1 - Funding Information: Manuscript received September 8, 2000; revised April 27, 2001. This work was supported in part by NIH Grant RO1 HL65551 (Andrew Karellas Ph.D., Principal Investigator) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), and its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NHLBI or NIH. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was Dr. Richard T. Kouzes.

PY - 2001

Y1 - 2001

N2 - Semiconductor flat-panel detector arrays are being investigated for applications in digital x-ray medical imaging. This paper describes the system architecture and theoretical signal and noise processes of a proposed hybrid cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) based CMOS active pixel sensor (APS) array for fluoroscopy. Simulations were performed using an 80-kVp-tungsten spectrum and a 200-/J,m pixel. The proposed system appears to exhibit favorable characteristics in terms of charge generation, lag, quantum noise, and other electronic sources of noise, and compared well with other direct conversion detectors. Overall, we expect the system to be x-ray quantum noise limited under diagnostic exposure conditions for fluoroscopy and conclude that the proposed imager exhibits promising characteristics for applications in diagnostic x-ray imaging.

AB - Semiconductor flat-panel detector arrays are being investigated for applications in digital x-ray medical imaging. This paper describes the system architecture and theoretical signal and noise processes of a proposed hybrid cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) based CMOS active pixel sensor (APS) array for fluoroscopy. Simulations were performed using an 80-kVp-tungsten spectrum and a 200-/J,m pixel. The proposed system appears to exhibit favorable characteristics in terms of charge generation, lag, quantum noise, and other electronic sources of noise, and compared well with other direct conversion detectors. Overall, we expect the system to be x-ray quantum noise limited under diagnostic exposure conditions for fluoroscopy and conclude that the proposed imager exhibits promising characteristics for applications in diagnostic x-ray imaging.

KW - CMOS

KW - Cadmium zinc telluride

KW - Digital flouroscopy

KW - Noise analysis

KW - Semiconductor detector

KW - X-ray

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JO - IEEE Sensors Journal

JF - IEEE Sensors Journal

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Theoretical analysis of hybrid flat-panel detector arrays for digital X-ray fluoroscopy: General system architecture, signal, and noise processes

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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