The star formation and nuclear accretion histories of normal galaxies in the ages survey

Casey R. Watson; Christopher S. Kochanek; William R. Forman; Ryan C. Hickox; Christine J. Jones; Michael J.I. Brown; Kate Brand; Arjun Dey; Buell T. Jannuzi; Almus T. Kenter; Steve S. Murray; Alexey Vikhlinin; Daniel J. Eisenstein; Giovani G. Fazio; Paul J. Green; Brian R. McNamara; Marcia Rieke; Joseph C. Shields

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/696/2/2206

The star formation and nuclear accretion histories of normal galaxies in the ages survey

Casey R. Watson, Christopher S. Kochanek, William R. Forman, Ryan C. Hickox, Christine J. Jones, Michael J.I. Brown, Kate Brand, Arjun Dey, Buell T. Jannuzi, Almus T. Kenter, Steve S. Murray, Alexey Vikhlinin, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Giovani G. Fazio, Paul J. Green, Brian R. McNamara, Marcia Rieke, Joseph C. Shields

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

12 Scopus citations

Abstract

We combine IR, optical, and X-ray data from the overlapping, 9.3 deg ² NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey, AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey (AGES), and XBoötes Survey to measure the X-ray evolution of 6146 normal galaxies as a function of absolute optical luminosity, redshift, and spectral type over the largely unexplored redshift range 0.1 ≲ z ≲ 0.5. Because only the closest or brightest of the galaxies are individually detected in X-rays, we use a stacking analysis to determine the mean properties of the sample. Our results suggest that X-ray emission from spectroscopically late-type galaxies is dominated by star formation, while that from early-type galaxies is dominated by a combination of hot gas and active galactic nucleus (AGN) emission. We find that the mean star formation and supermassive black hole accretion rate densities evolve like (1 + z)³¹, in agreement with the trends found for samples of bright, individually detectable starburst galaxies and AGN. Our work also corroborates the results of many previous stacking analyses of faint source populations, with improved statistics.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	2206-2219
Number of pages	14
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	696
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/696/2/2206
State	Published - May 10 2009
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Galaxy: evolution
cosmology: observations

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1088/0004-637X/696/2/2206

Cite this

Watson, C. R., Kochanek, C. S., Forman, W. R., Hickox, R. C., Jones, C. J., Brown, M. J. I., Brand, K., Dey, A., Jannuzi, B. T., Kenter, A. T., Murray, S. S., Vikhlinin, A., Eisenstein, D. J., Fazio, G. G., Green, P. J., McNamara, B. R., Rieke, M., & Shields, J. C. (2009). The star formation and nuclear accretion histories of normal galaxies in the ages survey. Astrophysical Journal, 696(2), 2206-2219. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/696/2/2206

Watson, CR, Kochanek, CS, Forman, WR, Hickox, RC, Jones, CJ, Brown, MJI, Brand, K, Dey, A, Jannuzi, BT, Kenter, AT, Murray, SS, Vikhlinin, A, Eisenstein, DJ, Fazio, GG, Green, PJ, McNamara, BR, Rieke, M & Shields, JC 2009, 'The star formation and nuclear accretion histories of normal galaxies in the ages survey', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 696, no. 2, pp. 2206-2219. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/696/2/2206

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abstract = "We combine IR, optical, and X-ray data from the overlapping, 9.3 deg 2 NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey, AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey (AGES), and XBo{\"o}tes Survey to measure the X-ray evolution of 6146 normal galaxies as a function of absolute optical luminosity, redshift, and spectral type over the largely unexplored redshift range 0.1 ≲ z ≲ 0.5. Because only the closest or brightest of the galaxies are individually detected in X-rays, we use a stacking analysis to determine the mean properties of the sample. Our results suggest that X-ray emission from spectroscopically late-type galaxies is dominated by star formation, while that from early-type galaxies is dominated by a combination of hot gas and active galactic nucleus (AGN) emission. We find that the mean star formation and supermassive black hole accretion rate densities evolve like (1 + z)31, in agreement with the trends found for samples of bright, individually detectable starburst galaxies and AGN. Our work also corroborates the results of many previous stacking analyses of faint source populations, with improved statistics.",

keywords = "Galaxy: evolution, cosmology: observations",

author = "Watson, {Casey R.} and Kochanek, {Christopher S.} and Forman, {William R.} and Hickox, {Ryan C.} and Jones, {Christine J.} and Brown, {Michael J.I.} and Kate Brand and Arjun Dey and Jannuzi, {Buell T.} and Kenter, {Almus T.} and Murray, {Steve S.} and Alexey Vikhlinin and Eisenstein, {Daniel J.} and Fazio, {Giovani G.} and Green, {Paul J.} and McNamara, {Brian R.} and Marcia Rieke and Shields, {Joseph C.}",

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AU - Watson, Casey R.

AU - Kochanek, Christopher S.

AU - Forman, William R.

AU - Hickox, Ryan C.

AU - Jones, Christine J.

AU - Brown, Michael J.I.

AU - Brand, Kate

AU - Dey, Arjun

AU - Jannuzi, Buell T.

AU - Kenter, Almus T.

AU - Murray, Steve S.

AU - Vikhlinin, Alexey

AU - Eisenstein, Daniel J.

AU - Fazio, Giovani G.

AU - Green, Paul J.

AU - McNamara, Brian R.

AU - Rieke, Marcia

AU - Shields, Joseph C.

PY - 2009/5/10

Y1 - 2009/5/10

N2 - We combine IR, optical, and X-ray data from the overlapping, 9.3 deg 2 NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey, AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey (AGES), and XBoötes Survey to measure the X-ray evolution of 6146 normal galaxies as a function of absolute optical luminosity, redshift, and spectral type over the largely unexplored redshift range 0.1 ≲ z ≲ 0.5. Because only the closest or brightest of the galaxies are individually detected in X-rays, we use a stacking analysis to determine the mean properties of the sample. Our results suggest that X-ray emission from spectroscopically late-type galaxies is dominated by star formation, while that from early-type galaxies is dominated by a combination of hot gas and active galactic nucleus (AGN) emission. We find that the mean star formation and supermassive black hole accretion rate densities evolve like (1 + z)31, in agreement with the trends found for samples of bright, individually detectable starburst galaxies and AGN. Our work also corroborates the results of many previous stacking analyses of faint source populations, with improved statistics.

AB - We combine IR, optical, and X-ray data from the overlapping, 9.3 deg 2 NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey, AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey (AGES), and XBoötes Survey to measure the X-ray evolution of 6146 normal galaxies as a function of absolute optical luminosity, redshift, and spectral type over the largely unexplored redshift range 0.1 ≲ z ≲ 0.5. Because only the closest or brightest of the galaxies are individually detected in X-rays, we use a stacking analysis to determine the mean properties of the sample. Our results suggest that X-ray emission from spectroscopically late-type galaxies is dominated by star formation, while that from early-type galaxies is dominated by a combination of hot gas and active galactic nucleus (AGN) emission. We find that the mean star formation and supermassive black hole accretion rate densities evolve like (1 + z)31, in agreement with the trends found for samples of bright, individually detectable starburst galaxies and AGN. Our work also corroborates the results of many previous stacking analyses of faint source populations, with improved statistics.

KW - Galaxy: evolution

KW - cosmology: observations

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The star formation and nuclear accretion histories of normal galaxies in the ages survey

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Keywords

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