TY - JOUR
T1 - The prostate transglutaminase (TGase-4, TGaseP) regulates the interaction of prostate cancer and vascular endothelial cells, a potential role for the ROCK pathway
AU - Jiang, Wen G.
AU - Ablin, Richard J.
AU - Kynaston, Howard G.
AU - Mason, Malcolm D.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Cancer Research Wales and the Albert Hung Foundation for supporting their work.
PY - 2009/3
Y1 - 2009/3
N2 - Prostate transglutaminase (TGase-4 or TGaseP) is an enzyme that is uniquely expressed in prostate tissues. The function of the TGase, implicated in the cell-matrix, is yet to be fully established. In the present study, we investigated the role of TGase-4 in tumor-endothelial cell interactions, by creating a panel of prostate cancer cell lines that have different expression profiles of human TGase-4. Here, we report that prostate cancer cells PC-3, when over-expressing TGase-4 (PC-3TGase4exp) increased their ability to adhere to quiescent and activated (by hepatocyte growth factor) endothelial cells. In contrast, the prostate cancer cell CAHPV-10, which expressed high levels of TGase-4, reduced the adhesiveness to the endothelial cells after TGase-4 expression was knocked down. By using frequency based electric cell impedance sensing, we found that TGase-4 mediated adhesion resulted in a change in impedance at low frequency (400 Hz), indicating a paracellular pathway disruption. The study further showed that expression of TGase-4 rendered the cells to exert regulation of endothelial interaction by bypassing the ROCK pathway. It is therefore concluded, that TGase-4 plays a pivotal role in the interaction between endothelial cells and prostate cancer cells, an action which is independent of the ROCK pathway.
AB - Prostate transglutaminase (TGase-4 or TGaseP) is an enzyme that is uniquely expressed in prostate tissues. The function of the TGase, implicated in the cell-matrix, is yet to be fully established. In the present study, we investigated the role of TGase-4 in tumor-endothelial cell interactions, by creating a panel of prostate cancer cell lines that have different expression profiles of human TGase-4. Here, we report that prostate cancer cells PC-3, when over-expressing TGase-4 (PC-3TGase4exp) increased their ability to adhere to quiescent and activated (by hepatocyte growth factor) endothelial cells. In contrast, the prostate cancer cell CAHPV-10, which expressed high levels of TGase-4, reduced the adhesiveness to the endothelial cells after TGase-4 expression was knocked down. By using frequency based electric cell impedance sensing, we found that TGase-4 mediated adhesion resulted in a change in impedance at low frequency (400 Hz), indicating a paracellular pathway disruption. The study further showed that expression of TGase-4 rendered the cells to exert regulation of endothelial interaction by bypassing the ROCK pathway. It is therefore concluded, that TGase-4 plays a pivotal role in the interaction between endothelial cells and prostate cancer cells, an action which is independent of the ROCK pathway.
KW - Electric cell impedance sensing
KW - Endothelial cells
KW - Endothelial invasion
KW - Hepatocyte growth factor
KW - Prostate cancer
KW - ROCK
KW - Transglutaminase-4
KW - Tumor-endothelial interaction
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=60449092027&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=60449092027&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.mvr.2008.09.010
DO - 10.1016/j.mvr.2008.09.010
M3 - Article
C2 - 18983858
AN - SCOPUS:60449092027
SN - 0026-2862
VL - 77
SP - 150
EP - 157
JO - Microvascular Research
JF - Microvascular Research
IS - 2
ER -