@article{bdfa6f66e213461f92db2fae917b7310,
title = "The potential of using blood circular RNA as liquid biopsy biomarker for human diseases",
abstract = "Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel class of single-stranded RNAs with a closed loop structure. The majority of circRNAs are formed by a back-splicing process in pre-mRNA splicing. Their expression is dynamically regulated and shows spatiotemporal patterns among cell types, tissues and developmental stages. CircRNAs have important biological functions in many physiological processes, and their aberrant expression is implicated in many human diseases. Due to their high stability, circRNAs are becoming promising biomarkers in many human diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases and human cancers. In this review, we focus on the translational potential of using human blood circRNAs as liquid biopsy biomarkers for human diseases. We highlight their abundant expression, essential biological functions and significant correlations to human diseases in various components of peripheral blood, including whole blood, blood cells and extracellular vesicles. In addition, we summarize the current knowledge of blood circRNA biomarkers for disease diagnosis or prognosis.",
keywords = "human diseases, liquid biopsy, peripheral blood circular RNA, translational biomarkers",
author = "Guoxia Wen and Tong Zhou and Wanjun Gu",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Ms. Aiping Zhang for editing the figures. This work was funded by Grants from National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1314900, 2018YFC1314902), National Natural Science Foundation of China (61571109), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2242017K3DN04). AUC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; CDK2, cyclin-dependent kinase 2; cfDNA, cell-free DNA; cfRNA, cell-free RNA; circ-DB, circ-deubiquitination; circRNA, circular RNA; ciRNA, circular intronic RNA; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CTC, circulating tumor cells; ecircRNA, exonic circular RNA; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; EHI, early human immunodeficiency virus infection; EIcircRNA, exon-intron circular RNA; EV, extracellular vesicle; exLR, extracellular vesicle long RNA; f-circRNA, fusion circRNA; GC, gastric cancer; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; ICS, intronic complement sequence; IRES, internal ribosome entry site; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; m6A, N6-methyladenosine; MBL, muscleblind; miRNA, microRNA; MRE, microRNA response element; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; p21, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; PKR, protein kinase; Pol II, polymerase II; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RBC, red blood cell; RBP, RNA binding protein; RNA-seq, RNA-sequencing; RT-ddPCR, reverse transcription droplet digital PCR; RT-qPCR, reverse transcription and quantitative PCR; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; ss, splice site; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TB, tuberculosis. Funding Information: We thank Ms. Aiping Zhang for editing the figures. This work was funded by Grants from National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1314900, 2018YFC1314902), National Natural Science Foundation of China (61571109), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2242017K3DN04). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020, The Author(s).",
year = "2021",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1007/s13238-020-00799-3",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "12",
pages = "911--946",
journal = "Protein and Cell",
issn = "1674-800X",
publisher = "Springer-Verlag GmbH and Co. KG",
number = "12",
}