@article{b889937ba4894f609983b96dd8924d8a,
title = "The Multiple Layers of the Tumor Environment",
abstract = "The notion of tumor microenvironment (TME) has been brought to the forefront of recent scientific literature on cancer. However, there is no consensus on how to define and spatially delineate the TME. We propose that the time is ripe to go beyond an all-encompassing list of the components of the TME, and to construct a multilayered view of cancer. We distinguish six layers of environmental interactions with the tumor and show that they are associated with distinct mechanisms, and ultimately with distinct therapeutic approaches.",
keywords = "angiogenesis, immune system, niche, tumor microenvironment, tumor organismal environment",
author = "Lucie Laplane and Doroth{\'e}e Duluc and Nicolas Larmonier and Thomas Pradeu and Andreas Bikfalvi",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Mina Bissell, Ezio Laconi, Curzio Ruegg, Jean-Fran{\c c}ois Moreau, and Vanja Sisirak for discussions on the tumor microenvironment. A.B. has been a senior member of the Institut Universitaire de France and received funding from INSERM (Plan Cancer) and the National Cancer Institute (INCA). T.P. has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme; grant agreement no. 637647 – IDEM. Funding Information: We thank Mina Bissell, Ezio Laconi, Curzio Ruegg, Jean-Fran{\c c}ois Moreau, and Vanja Sisirak for discussions on the tumor microenvironment. A.B. has been a senior member of the Institut Universitaire de France and received funding from INSERM (Plan Cancer) and the National Cancer Institute (INCA). T.P. has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme; grant agreement no. 637647 – IDEM. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2018",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/j.trecan.2018.10.002",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "4",
pages = "802--809",
journal = "Trends in Cancer",
issn = "2405-8033",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "12",
}