The intense starburst HDF850.1 in a galaxy overdensity at z≈5.2 in the Hubble Deep Field

Fabian Walter; Roberto Decarli; Chris Carilli; Frank Bertoldi; Pierre Cox; Elisabete Da Cunha; Emanuele Daddi; Mark Dickinson; Dennis Downes; David Elbaz; Richard Ellis; Jacqueline Hodge; Roberto Neri; Dominik A. Riechers; Axel Weiss; Eric Bell; Helmut Dannerbauer; Melanie Krips; Mark Krumholz; Lindley Lentati; Roberto Maiolino; Karl Menten; Hans Walter Rix; Brant E Robertson; Hyron Spinrad; Dan P. Stark; Daniel Stern

doi:10.1038/nature11073

The intense starburst HDF850.1 in a galaxy overdensity at z≈5.2 in the Hubble Deep Field

Fabian Walter, Roberto Decarli, Chris Carilli, Frank Bertoldi, Pierre Cox, Elisabete Da Cunha, Emanuele Daddi, Mark Dickinson, Dennis Downes, David Elbaz, Richard Ellis, Jacqueline Hodge, Roberto Neri, Dominik A. Riechers, Axel Weiss, Eric Bell, Helmut Dannerbauer, Melanie Krips, Mark Krumholz, Lindley LentatiRoberto Maiolino, Karl Menten, Hans Walter Rix, Brant E Robertson, Hyron Spinrad, Dan P. Stark, Daniel Stern

Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

237 Scopus citations

Abstract

The Hubble Deep Field provides one of the deepest multiwavelength views of the distant Universe and has led to the detection of thousands of galaxies seen throughout cosmic time. An early map of the Hubble Deep Field at a wavelength of 850micrometres, which is sensitive to dust emission powered by star formation, revealed the brightest source in the field, dubbed HDF850.1 (ref. 2). For more than a decade, and despite significant efforts, no counterpart was found at shorter wavelengths, and it was not possible to determine its redshift, size or mass. Here we report a redshift of z = 5.183 for HDF850.1, from a millimetre-wave molecular line scan. This places HDF850.1 in a galaxy overdensity at z≈5.2, corresponding to a cosmic age of only 1.1billion years after the Big Bang. This redshift is significantly higher than earlier estimates and higher than those of most of the hundreds of submillimetre-bright galaxies identified so far. The source has a star-formation rate of 850 solar masses per year and is spatially resolved on scales of 5 kiloparsecs, with an implied dynamical mass of about 1.3×10 ¹¹ solar masses, a significant fraction of which is present in the form of molecular gas. Despite our accurate determination of redshift and position, a counterpart emitting starlight remains elusive.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	233-236
Number of pages	4
Journal	Nature
Volume	486
Issue number	7402
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11073
State	Published - Jun 14 2012

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Walter, F., Decarli, R., Carilli, C., Bertoldi, F., Cox, P., Da Cunha, E., Daddi, E., Dickinson, M., Downes, D., Elbaz, D., Ellis, R., Hodge, J., Neri, R., Riechers, D. A., Weiss, A., Bell, E., Dannerbauer, H., Krips, M., Krumholz, M., ... Stern, D. (2012). The intense starburst HDF850.1 in a galaxy overdensity at z≈5.2 in the Hubble Deep Field. Nature, 486(7402), 233-236. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11073

Walter, F, Decarli, R, Carilli, C, Bertoldi, F, Cox, P, Da Cunha, E, Daddi, E, Dickinson, M, Downes, D, Elbaz, D, Ellis, R, Hodge, J, Neri, R, Riechers, DA, Weiss, A, Bell, E, Dannerbauer, H, Krips, M, Krumholz, M, Lentati, L, Maiolino, R, Menten, K, Rix, HW, Robertson, BE, Spinrad, H, Stark, DP & Stern, D 2012, 'The intense starburst HDF850.1 in a galaxy overdensity at z≈5.2 in the Hubble Deep Field', Nature, vol. 486, no. 7402, pp. 233-236. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11073

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title = "The intense starburst HDF850.1 in a galaxy overdensity at z≈5.2 in the Hubble Deep Field",

abstract = "The Hubble Deep Field provides one of the deepest multiwavelength views of the distant Universe and has led to the detection of thousands of galaxies seen throughout cosmic time. An early map of the Hubble Deep Field at a wavelength of 850micrometres, which is sensitive to dust emission powered by star formation, revealed the brightest source in the field, dubbed HDF850.1 (ref. 2). For more than a decade, and despite significant efforts, no counterpart was found at shorter wavelengths, and it was not possible to determine its redshift, size or mass. Here we report a redshift of z = 5.183 for HDF850.1, from a millimetre-wave molecular line scan. This places HDF850.1 in a galaxy overdensity at z≈5.2, corresponding to a cosmic age of only 1.1billion years after the Big Bang. This redshift is significantly higher than earlier estimates and higher than those of most of the hundreds of submillimetre-bright galaxies identified so far. The source has a star-formation rate of 850 solar masses per year and is spatially resolved on scales of 5 kiloparsecs, with an implied dynamical mass of about 1.3×10 11 solar masses, a significant fraction of which is present in the form of molecular gas. Despite our accurate determination of redshift and position, a counterpart emitting starlight remains elusive.",

author = "Fabian Walter and Roberto Decarli and Chris Carilli and Frank Bertoldi and Pierre Cox and {Da Cunha}, Elisabete and Emanuele Daddi and Mark Dickinson and Dennis Downes and David Elbaz and Richard Ellis and Jacqueline Hodge and Roberto Neri and Riechers, {Dominik A.} and Axel Weiss and Eric Bell and Helmut Dannerbauer and Melanie Krips and Mark Krumholz and Lindley Lentati and Roberto Maiolino and Karl Menten and Rix, {Hans Walter} and Robertson, {Brant E} and Hyron Spinrad and Stark, {Dan P.} and Daniel Stern",

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T1 - The intense starburst HDF850.1 in a galaxy overdensity at z≈5.2 in the Hubble Deep Field

AU - Walter, Fabian

AU - Decarli, Roberto

AU - Carilli, Chris

AU - Bertoldi, Frank

AU - Cox, Pierre

AU - Da Cunha, Elisabete

AU - Daddi, Emanuele

AU - Dickinson, Mark

AU - Downes, Dennis

AU - Elbaz, David

AU - Ellis, Richard

AU - Hodge, Jacqueline

AU - Neri, Roberto

AU - Riechers, Dominik A.

AU - Weiss, Axel

AU - Bell, Eric

AU - Dannerbauer, Helmut

AU - Krips, Melanie

AU - Krumholz, Mark

AU - Lentati, Lindley

AU - Maiolino, Roberto

AU - Menten, Karl

AU - Rix, Hans Walter

AU - Robertson, Brant E

AU - Spinrad, Hyron

AU - Stark, Dan P.

AU - Stern, Daniel

PY - 2012/6/14

Y1 - 2012/6/14

N2 - The Hubble Deep Field provides one of the deepest multiwavelength views of the distant Universe and has led to the detection of thousands of galaxies seen throughout cosmic time. An early map of the Hubble Deep Field at a wavelength of 850micrometres, which is sensitive to dust emission powered by star formation, revealed the brightest source in the field, dubbed HDF850.1 (ref. 2). For more than a decade, and despite significant efforts, no counterpart was found at shorter wavelengths, and it was not possible to determine its redshift, size or mass. Here we report a redshift of z = 5.183 for HDF850.1, from a millimetre-wave molecular line scan. This places HDF850.1 in a galaxy overdensity at z≈5.2, corresponding to a cosmic age of only 1.1billion years after the Big Bang. This redshift is significantly higher than earlier estimates and higher than those of most of the hundreds of submillimetre-bright galaxies identified so far. The source has a star-formation rate of 850 solar masses per year and is spatially resolved on scales of 5 kiloparsecs, with an implied dynamical mass of about 1.3×10 11 solar masses, a significant fraction of which is present in the form of molecular gas. Despite our accurate determination of redshift and position, a counterpart emitting starlight remains elusive.

AB - The Hubble Deep Field provides one of the deepest multiwavelength views of the distant Universe and has led to the detection of thousands of galaxies seen throughout cosmic time. An early map of the Hubble Deep Field at a wavelength of 850micrometres, which is sensitive to dust emission powered by star formation, revealed the brightest source in the field, dubbed HDF850.1 (ref. 2). For more than a decade, and despite significant efforts, no counterpart was found at shorter wavelengths, and it was not possible to determine its redshift, size or mass. Here we report a redshift of z = 5.183 for HDF850.1, from a millimetre-wave molecular line scan. This places HDF850.1 in a galaxy overdensity at z≈5.2, corresponding to a cosmic age of only 1.1billion years after the Big Bang. This redshift is significantly higher than earlier estimates and higher than those of most of the hundreds of submillimetre-bright galaxies identified so far. The source has a star-formation rate of 850 solar masses per year and is spatially resolved on scales of 5 kiloparsecs, with an implied dynamical mass of about 1.3×10 11 solar masses, a significant fraction of which is present in the form of molecular gas. Despite our accurate determination of redshift and position, a counterpart emitting starlight remains elusive.

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JF - Nature

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ER -

The intense starburst HDF850.1 in a galaxy overdensity at z≈5.2 in the Hubble Deep Field

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