The high-metallicity explosion environment of the relativistic supernova 2009bb

E. M. Levesque; A. M. Soderberg; R. J. Foley; E. Berger; L. J. Kewley; S. Chakraborti; A. Ray; M. A.P. Torres; P. Challis; R. P. Kirshner; S. D. Barthelmy; M. F. Bietenholz; P. Chandra; V. Chaplin; R. A. Chevalier; N. Chugai; V. Connaughton; A. Copete; O. Fox; C. Fransson; J. E. Grindlay; M. A. Hamuy; P. A. Milne; G. Pignata; M. D. Stritzinger; M. H. Wieringa

doi:10.1088/2041-8205/709/1/L26

The high-metallicity explosion environment of the relativistic supernova 2009bb

E. M. Levesque, A. M. Soderberg, R. J. Foley, E. Berger, L. J. Kewley, S. Chakraborti, A. Ray, M. A.P. Torres, P. Challis, R. P. Kirshner, S. D. Barthelmy, M. F. Bietenholz, P. Chandra, V. Chaplin, R. A. Chevalier, N. Chugai, V. Connaughton, A. Copete, O. Fox, C. FranssonJ. E. Grindlay, M. A. Hamuy, P. A. Milne, G. Pignata, M. D. Stritzinger, M. H. Wieringa

Steward Observatory

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

33 Scopus citations

Abstract

We investigate the environment of the nearby (d 40Mpc) broad-lined Type Ic supernova (SN) 2009bb. This event was observed to produce a relativistic outflow likely powered by a central accreting compact object. While such a phenomenon was previously observed only in long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs), no LGRB was detected in association with SN 2009bb. Using an optical spectrum of the SN 2009bb explosion site, we determine a variety of interstellar medium properties for the host environment, including metallicity, young stellar population age, and star formation rate. We compare the SN explosion site properties to observations of LGRB and broad-lined SN Ic host environments on optical emission line ratio diagnostic diagrams. Based on these analyses, we find that the SN 2009bb explosion site has a metallicity between 1.7 Z _· and 3.5 Z _·, in agreement with other broad-lined SN Ic host environments and at odds with the low-redshift LGRB host environments and recently proposed maximum metallicity limits for relativistic explosions. We consider the implications of these findings and the impact that SN 2009bb's unusual explosive properties and environment have on our understanding of the key physical ingredient that enables some SNe to produce a relativistic outflow.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	L26-L31
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	709
Issue number	1 PART 2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/709/1/L26
State	Published - 2010

Keywords

Galaxies: ISM
Gamma rays: bursts: general
Supernovae: individual (SN 2009bb)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1088/2041-8205/709/1/L26

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Levesque, E. M., Soderberg, A. M., Foley, R. J., Berger, E., Kewley, L. J., Chakraborti, S., Ray, A., Torres, M. A. P., Challis, P., Kirshner, R. P., Barthelmy, S. D., Bietenholz, M. F., Chandra, P., Chaplin, V., Chevalier, R. A., Chugai, N., Connaughton, V., Copete, A., Fox, O., ... Wieringa, M. H. (2010). The high-metallicity explosion environment of the relativistic supernova 2009bb. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 709(1 PART 2), L26-L31. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/709/1/L26

Levesque, EM, Soderberg, AM, Foley, RJ, Berger, E, Kewley, LJ, Chakraborti, S, Ray, A, Torres, MAP, Challis, P, Kirshner, RP, Barthelmy, SD, Bietenholz, MF, Chandra, P, Chaplin, V, Chevalier, RA, Chugai, N, Connaughton, V, Copete, A, Fox, O, Fransson, C, Grindlay, JE, Hamuy, MA, Milne, PA, Pignata, G, Stritzinger, MD & Wieringa, MH 2010, 'The high-metallicity explosion environment of the relativistic supernova 2009bb', Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 709, no. 1 PART 2, pp. L26-L31. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/709/1/L26

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title = "The high-metallicity explosion environment of the relativistic supernova 2009bb",

abstract = "We investigate the environment of the nearby (d 40Mpc) broad-lined Type Ic supernova (SN) 2009bb. This event was observed to produce a relativistic outflow likely powered by a central accreting compact object. While such a phenomenon was previously observed only in long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs), no LGRB was detected in association with SN 2009bb. Using an optical spectrum of the SN 2009bb explosion site, we determine a variety of interstellar medium properties for the host environment, including metallicity, young stellar population age, and star formation rate. We compare the SN explosion site properties to observations of LGRB and broad-lined SN Ic host environments on optical emission line ratio diagnostic diagrams. Based on these analyses, we find that the SN 2009bb explosion site has a metallicity between 1.7 Z · and 3.5 Z ·, in agreement with other broad-lined SN Ic host environments and at odds with the low-redshift LGRB host environments and recently proposed maximum metallicity limits for relativistic explosions. We consider the implications of these findings and the impact that SN 2009bb's unusual explosive properties and environment have on our understanding of the key physical ingredient that enables some SNe to produce a relativistic outflow.",

keywords = "Galaxies: ISM, Gamma rays: bursts: general, Supernovae: individual (SN 2009bb)",

author = "Levesque, {E. M.} and Soderberg, {A. M.} and Foley, {R. J.} and E. Berger and Kewley, {L. J.} and S. Chakraborti and A. Ray and Torres, {M. A.P.} and P. Challis and Kirshner, {R. P.} and Barthelmy, {S. D.} and Bietenholz, {M. F.} and P. Chandra and V. Chaplin and Chevalier, {R. A.} and N. Chugai and V. Connaughton and A. Copete and O. Fox and C. Fransson and Grindlay, {J. E.} and Hamuy, {M. A.} and Milne, {P. A.} and G. Pignata and Stritzinger, {M. D.} and Wieringa, {M. H.}",

year = "2010",

doi = "10.1088/2041-8205/709/1/L26",

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T1 - The high-metallicity explosion environment of the relativistic supernova 2009bb

AU - Levesque, E. M.

AU - Soderberg, A. M.

AU - Foley, R. J.

AU - Berger, E.

AU - Kewley, L. J.

AU - Chakraborti, S.

AU - Ray, A.

AU - Torres, M. A.P.

AU - Challis, P.

AU - Kirshner, R. P.

AU - Barthelmy, S. D.

AU - Bietenholz, M. F.

AU - Chandra, P.

AU - Chaplin, V.

AU - Chevalier, R. A.

AU - Chugai, N.

AU - Connaughton, V.

AU - Copete, A.

AU - Fox, O.

AU - Fransson, C.

AU - Grindlay, J. E.

AU - Hamuy, M. A.

AU - Milne, P. A.

AU - Pignata, G.

AU - Stritzinger, M. D.

AU - Wieringa, M. H.

PY - 2010

Y1 - 2010

N2 - We investigate the environment of the nearby (d 40Mpc) broad-lined Type Ic supernova (SN) 2009bb. This event was observed to produce a relativistic outflow likely powered by a central accreting compact object. While such a phenomenon was previously observed only in long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs), no LGRB was detected in association with SN 2009bb. Using an optical spectrum of the SN 2009bb explosion site, we determine a variety of interstellar medium properties for the host environment, including metallicity, young stellar population age, and star formation rate. We compare the SN explosion site properties to observations of LGRB and broad-lined SN Ic host environments on optical emission line ratio diagnostic diagrams. Based on these analyses, we find that the SN 2009bb explosion site has a metallicity between 1.7 Z · and 3.5 Z ·, in agreement with other broad-lined SN Ic host environments and at odds with the low-redshift LGRB host environments and recently proposed maximum metallicity limits for relativistic explosions. We consider the implications of these findings and the impact that SN 2009bb's unusual explosive properties and environment have on our understanding of the key physical ingredient that enables some SNe to produce a relativistic outflow.

AB - We investigate the environment of the nearby (d 40Mpc) broad-lined Type Ic supernova (SN) 2009bb. This event was observed to produce a relativistic outflow likely powered by a central accreting compact object. While such a phenomenon was previously observed only in long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs), no LGRB was detected in association with SN 2009bb. Using an optical spectrum of the SN 2009bb explosion site, we determine a variety of interstellar medium properties for the host environment, including metallicity, young stellar population age, and star formation rate. We compare the SN explosion site properties to observations of LGRB and broad-lined SN Ic host environments on optical emission line ratio diagnostic diagrams. Based on these analyses, we find that the SN 2009bb explosion site has a metallicity between 1.7 Z · and 3.5 Z ·, in agreement with other broad-lined SN Ic host environments and at odds with the low-redshift LGRB host environments and recently proposed maximum metallicity limits for relativistic explosions. We consider the implications of these findings and the impact that SN 2009bb's unusual explosive properties and environment have on our understanding of the key physical ingredient that enables some SNe to produce a relativistic outflow.

KW - Galaxies: ISM

KW - Gamma rays: bursts: general

KW - Supernovae: individual (SN 2009bb)

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DO - 10.1088/2041-8205/709/1/L26

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SN - 2041-8205

VL - 709

SP - L26-L31

JO - Astrophysical Journal Letters

JF - Astrophysical Journal Letters

IS - 1 PART 2

ER -

The high-metallicity explosion environment of the relativistic supernova 2009bb

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