@article{db2935cc377d4592ba954c0db289ea3e,
title = "The GOGREEN survey: dependence of galaxy properties on halo mass at z > 1 and implications for environmental quenching",
abstract = "We use photometric redshifts and statistical background subtraction to measure stellar mass functions in galaxy group-mass (4.5-8 × 1013 M⊙) haloes at 1 < z < 1.5. Groups are selected from COSMOS and SXDF, based on X-ray imaging and sparse spectroscopy. Stellar mass (Mstellar) functions are computed for quiescent and star-forming galaxies separately, based on their rest-frame UVJ colours. From these we compute the quiescent fraction and quiescent fraction excess (QFE) relative to the field as a function of Mstellar. QFE increases with Mstellar, similar to more massive clusters at 1 < z < 1.5. This contrasts with the apparent separability of Mstellar and environmental factors on galaxy quiescent fractions at z ∼0. We then compare our results with higher mass clusters at 1 < z < 1.5 and lower redshifts. We find a strong QFE dependence on halo mass at fixed Mstellar; well fit by a logarithmic slope of d(QFE)/dlog (Mhalo) ∼0.24 ± 0.04 for all Mstellar and redshift bins. This dependence is in remarkably good qualitative agreement with the hydrodynamic simulation bahamas, but contradicts the observed dependence of QFE on Mstellar. We interpret the results using two toy models: one where a time delay until rapid (instantaneous) quenching begins upon accretion to the main progenitor ('no pre-processing') and one where it starts upon first becoming a satellite ('pre-processing'). Delay times appear to be halo mass-dependent, with a significantly stronger dependence required without pre-processing. We conclude that our results support models in which environmental quenching begins in low-mass (<1014M⊙) haloes at z > 1.",
keywords = "galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: groups: general, galaxies: haloes, galaxies: high-redshift, galaxies: star formation",
author = "Reeves, {Andrew M.M.} and Balogh, {Michael L.} and {Van Der Burg}, {Remco F.J.} and Alexis Finoguenov and Egidijus Kukstas and McCarthy, {Ian G.} and Kristi Webb and Adam Muzzin and Sean McGee and Gregory Rudnick and Andrea Biviano and Pierluigi Cerulo and Chan, {Jeffrey C.C.} and Cooper, {M. C.} and Ricardo Demarco and Pascale Jablonka and {De Lucia}, Gabriella and Benedetta Vulcani and Gillian Wilson and Yee, {Howard K.C.} and Dennis Zaritsky",
note = "Funding Information: We thank the native Hawaiians for the use of Mauna Kea, as observations from Gemini, CFHT, and Subaru were all used as part of our survey. Data products were used from observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under ESO programme ID 179.A-2005 and on data products produced by TERAPIX and the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit on behalf of the UltraVISTA consortium. As well, this study makes use of observations taken by the 3D HST Treasury Program (GO 12177 and 12328) with the NASA/ESA HST, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5- 26555. MB gratefully acknowledges support from the NSERC Discovery Grant program. BVacknowledges financial contribution from the grant PRIN MIUR 2017 n.20173ML3WW 001 (PI Cimatti) and from the INAF main-stream funding programme (PI Vulcani). GW acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through grant AST-1517863, HST program number GO-15294, and grant number 80NSSC17K0019 issued through the NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis Program (ADAP). Support for program number GO- 15294 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. GR thanks the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) for providing financial support and a meeting facility that inspired insightful discussions for team 'COSWEB: The Cosmic Web and Galaxy Evolution'. GR acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation grants AST-1517815, AST-1716690, and AST-1814159, NASA HST grant AR-14310, and NASA ADAP grant 80NSSC19K0592. GR also acknowledges the support of an ESO visiting science fellowship. This work was supported in part by NSF grants AST-1815475 and AST-1518257. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.",
year = "2021",
month = sep,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/mnras/stab1955",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "506",
pages = "3364--3384",
journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",
issn = "0035-8711",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "3",
}