The effects of glucagon and TH-glucagon on steroid metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes

Glucagon decreases the activity of steroid-metabolising enzymes in isolated rat liver cells at physiological concentrations. Higher concentrations are less effective. TH-glucagon (1-N-α-trinitrophenylhistidine-12-homoarginine-glucagon) also reduces enzyme activity but does not lose activity at higher concentrations. The effects of the two hormones mimic closely their reported effects on phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate breakdown. It is, thus, likely that the effect of glucagon on steroid metabolism is mediated via breakdown of this phospholipid. The calcium ionophore, A23187, had no effect on steroid metabolism whereas the phorbol ester 4β-phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) mimicked the effect of glucagon, showing that activation of protein kinase C but not Ca²⁺ mobilization may be involved in glucagon's action on hepatic steroid metabolism.