TY - JOUR
T1 - The Effect of Daily Use of Plantar Mechanical Stimulation Through Micro-Mobile Foot Compression Device Installed in Shoe Insoles on Vibration Perception, Gait, and Balance in People With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
AU - Kang, Gu Eon
AU - Zahiri, Mohsen
AU - Lepow, Brian
AU - Saleem, Nimrah
AU - Najafi, Bijan
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Ms Ana Enriquez, Mr Ivan Marin, Mr Louie Morsy, Mr Manuel Gardea, Ms Luciana Narvaez for their help with data collection and analysis. The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (study identifier: NCT03135535) The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was funded by AVEX LLC and BOA Technology Inc. However, the funding sources played no role in study design, data analysis, interpretation of the results, or preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Diabetes Technology Society.
PY - 2019/9/1
Y1 - 2019/9/1
N2 - Objective: People with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) have impaired gait and balance performance. The aim of this study is to investigate therapeutic effectiveness of mechanical stimulation through a wearable foot compression device equipped in a shoe insole on vibration perception, balance control and gait performance in people with DPN. Methods: Using a single-arm 4-week intervention study design, we examined effectiveness of daily use of shoes equipped with the foot compression device (Footbeat™, AVEX, Grand Junction, CO, USA) on improving vibration perception threshold (VPTmax), skin perfusion pressure (SPP), ankle brachial index (ABI), lower extremities edema (circumferences in the calf and ankle), and motor performance (postural sway with eyes open and closed conditions, and gait performance during normal, dual-task and fast walking). Thirty people with type 2 diabetes and symptoms of PN completed the experimental protocol. Results: Improvements in VPTmax (before = 27.4 V, after = 23.3 V, P =.007, d = 0.33, where d denotes effect size), center-of-mass sway in the mediolateral direction with both eyes open and closed conditions (before = 0.94 cm, after = 0.76 cm, P =.020, d = 0.47; before = 1.10 cm, after = 0.83 cm, P =.033, d = 0.66, respectively), and stride velocity for normal walking, dual-task walking and fast walking tasks (before = 0.87 m/s, after = 0.96 m/s, P =.017, d = 0.41; before = 0.75 m/s, after = 0.91 m/s, P =.001, d = 0.77; before = 1.10 m/s, after = 1.20 m/s, P =.043, d = 0.33, respectively) were found post treatment. There was no significant improvement in SPP, ABI, and circumferences in the calf and ankle. Conclusions: Our findings suggest the wearable foot compression device may be effective for reducing neuropathic symptoms and enhancing motor performances in people with DPN.
AB - Objective: People with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) have impaired gait and balance performance. The aim of this study is to investigate therapeutic effectiveness of mechanical stimulation through a wearable foot compression device equipped in a shoe insole on vibration perception, balance control and gait performance in people with DPN. Methods: Using a single-arm 4-week intervention study design, we examined effectiveness of daily use of shoes equipped with the foot compression device (Footbeat™, AVEX, Grand Junction, CO, USA) on improving vibration perception threshold (VPTmax), skin perfusion pressure (SPP), ankle brachial index (ABI), lower extremities edema (circumferences in the calf and ankle), and motor performance (postural sway with eyes open and closed conditions, and gait performance during normal, dual-task and fast walking). Thirty people with type 2 diabetes and symptoms of PN completed the experimental protocol. Results: Improvements in VPTmax (before = 27.4 V, after = 23.3 V, P =.007, d = 0.33, where d denotes effect size), center-of-mass sway in the mediolateral direction with both eyes open and closed conditions (before = 0.94 cm, after = 0.76 cm, P =.020, d = 0.47; before = 1.10 cm, after = 0.83 cm, P =.033, d = 0.66, respectively), and stride velocity for normal walking, dual-task walking and fast walking tasks (before = 0.87 m/s, after = 0.96 m/s, P =.017, d = 0.41; before = 0.75 m/s, after = 0.91 m/s, P =.001, d = 0.77; before = 1.10 m/s, after = 1.20 m/s, P =.043, d = 0.33, respectively) were found post treatment. There was no significant improvement in SPP, ABI, and circumferences in the calf and ankle. Conclusions: Our findings suggest the wearable foot compression device may be effective for reducing neuropathic symptoms and enhancing motor performances in people with DPN.
KW - balance
KW - diabetes
KW - diabetic peripheral neuropathy
KW - gait
KW - vibration perception threshold
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U2 - 10.1177/1932296819839703
DO - 10.1177/1932296819839703
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85064004118
SN - 1932-2968
VL - 13
SP - 847
EP - 856
JO - Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
JF - Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
IS - 5
ER -