TY - JOUR
T1 - The differential effects of PTSD, MDD, and dissociation on CRP in trauma-exposed women
AU - Powers, Abigail
AU - Dixon, Hayley Drew
AU - Conneely, K.
AU - Gluck, Rachel
AU - Munoz, Adam
AU - Rochat, Cleo
AU - Mendoza, Hadrian
AU - Hartzell, Georgina
AU - Ressler, Kerry J.
AU - Bradley, Bekh
AU - Pace, Thaddeus W.W.
AU - Umpierrez, Guillermo E.
AU - Schwartz, A. C.
AU - Michopoulos, Vasiliki
AU - Gillespie, Charles F.
N1 - Funding Information:
Conflicts of Interest and Sources of Funding: This work was primarily supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (MH071537 for Ressler; MH102890 for Powers, MH099211 for Gillespie), the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD071982 for Bradley), and the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (K23AT009713 for Powers). Support also included Emory and Grady Memorial Hospital General Clinical Research Center, NIH National Centers for Research Resources (M01 RR00039). There are no conflicts of interest to disclose. DISCLAIMER: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Additionally, the contents of this report do not represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government.☆ Conflicts of Interest and Sources of Funding: This work was primarily supported by the National Institute of Mental Health ( MH071537 for Ressler; MH102890 for Powers, MH099211 for Gillespie), the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development ( HD071982 for Bradley), and the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health ( K23AT009713 for Powers). Support also included Emory and Grady Memorial Hospital General Clinical Research Center, NIH National Centers for Research Resources ( M01 RR00039). There are no conflicts of interest to disclose. DISCLAIMER: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Additionally, the contents of this report do not represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Author(s)
PY - 2019/8
Y1 - 2019/8
N2 - Objective: C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation, has been associated with psychiatric disorders including major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Some research suggests that exposure to trauma can trigger increased activity in the inflammatory system. Dissociation is associated with chronic trauma exposure and may be an important factor in understanding the risk for psychiatric outcomes associated with inflammation. The main objective of the current study was to understand how CRP was related to trauma, dissociation, PTSD and MDD in a sample of 55 traumatized African American women with type 2 diabetes mellitus recruited from an urban hospital. Method: High sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) was assayed through blood samples; psychiatric disorders were assessed with structured clinical interviews, dissociation was assessed with the Multiscale Dissociation Inventory, and exposure to trauma in childhood and adulthood was assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Traumatic Events Inventory, respectively. Results: Correlational results showed a significant association between higher concentrations of hsCRP and child abuse (p < 0.05), overall dissociation severity (p < 0.001), and PTSD symptoms (p < 0.01). ANOVA results showed significantly higher levels of hsCRP in those with current MDD, current PTSD, and remitted PTSD. A hierarchical linear regression model demonstrated a significant association between dissociation symptoms and greater hsCRP levels independent of childhood abuse, PTSD, and MDD (R2∆ = 0.11, p = 0.001) and independent of emotion dysregulation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that dissociation symptoms among those with a history of trauma may be particularly associated with higher levels of inflammation.
AB - Objective: C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation, has been associated with psychiatric disorders including major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Some research suggests that exposure to trauma can trigger increased activity in the inflammatory system. Dissociation is associated with chronic trauma exposure and may be an important factor in understanding the risk for psychiatric outcomes associated with inflammation. The main objective of the current study was to understand how CRP was related to trauma, dissociation, PTSD and MDD in a sample of 55 traumatized African American women with type 2 diabetes mellitus recruited from an urban hospital. Method: High sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) was assayed through blood samples; psychiatric disorders were assessed with structured clinical interviews, dissociation was assessed with the Multiscale Dissociation Inventory, and exposure to trauma in childhood and adulthood was assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Traumatic Events Inventory, respectively. Results: Correlational results showed a significant association between higher concentrations of hsCRP and child abuse (p < 0.05), overall dissociation severity (p < 0.001), and PTSD symptoms (p < 0.01). ANOVA results showed significantly higher levels of hsCRP in those with current MDD, current PTSD, and remitted PTSD. A hierarchical linear regression model demonstrated a significant association between dissociation symptoms and greater hsCRP levels independent of childhood abuse, PTSD, and MDD (R2∆ = 0.11, p = 0.001) and independent of emotion dysregulation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that dissociation symptoms among those with a history of trauma may be particularly associated with higher levels of inflammation.
KW - CRP
KW - Dissociation
KW - Inflammation
KW - MDD
KW - PTSD
KW - Trauma
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U2 - 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.06.007
DO - 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.06.007
M3 - Article
C2 - 31306866
AN - SCOPUS:85068780643
SN - 0010-440X
VL - 93
SP - 33
EP - 40
JO - Comprehensive Psychiatry
JF - Comprehensive Psychiatry
ER -