@article{84a28defa6664360b059d49d088b3194,
title = "The control of HIV after antiretroviral medication pause (CHAMP) study: Posttreatment controllers identified from 14 clinical studies",
abstract = "Background. HIV posttreatment controllers are rare individuals who start antiretroviral therapy (ART), but maintain HIV suppression after treatment interruption. The frequency of posttreatment control and posttreatment interruption viral dynamics have not been well characterized. Methods. Posttreatment controllers were identified from 14 studies and defined as individuals who underwent treatment interruption with viral loads ≤400 copies/mL at two-thirds or more of time points for ≥24 weeks. Viral load and CD4+ cell dynamics were compared between posttreatment controllers and noncontrollers. Results. Of the 67 posttreatment controllers identified, 38 initiated ART during early HIV infection. Posttreatment controllers were more frequently identified in those treated during early versus chronic infection (13% vs 4%, P < .001). In posttreatment controllers with weekly viral load monitoring, 45% had a peak posttreatment interruption viral load of ≥1000 copies/mL and 33% had a peak viral load ≥10 000 copies/mL. Of posttreatment controllers, 55% maintained HIV control for 2 years, with approximately 20% maintaining control for ≥5 years. Conclusions. Posttreatment control was more commonly identified amongst early treated individuals, frequently characterized by early transient viral rebound and heterogeneous durability of HIV remission. These results may provide mechanistic insights and have implications for the design of trials aimed at achieving HIV remission.",
keywords = "HIV, HIV rebound, Posttreatment controller, Treatment interruption, Viral decay",
author = "Golnaz Namazi and Fajnzylber, {Jesse M.} and Evgenia Aga and Bosch, {Ronald J.} and Acosta, {Edward P.} and Radwa Sharaf and Wendy Hartogensis and Jacobson, {Jeffrey M.} and Elizabeth Connick and Paul Volberding and Daniel Skiest and David Margolis and Sneller, {Michael C.} and Little, {Susan J.} and Sara Gianella and Smith, {Davey M.} and Kuritzkes, {Daniel R.} and Gulick, {Roy M.} and Mellors, {John W.} and Vikram Mehraj and Gandhi, {Rajesh T.} and Ronald Mitsuyasu and Schooley, {Robert T.} and Keith Henry and Pablo Tebas and Deeks, {Steven G.} and Chun, {Tae Wook} and Collier, {Ann C.} and Routy, {Jean Pierre} and Hecht, {Frederick M.} and Walker, {Bruce D.} and Li, {Jonathan Z.}",
note = "Funding Information: Financial support. This work was supported by the Harvard University Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grant number 5P30AI060354-08 to J. Z. L. and R. T. G); National Institutes of Health (NIH) (grant numbers AI125109 to J. Z. L., AI106039 to S. J. L., UM1 AI068634 to Statistical and Data Management Center of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group, UM1 AI068636 to AIDS Clinical Trials Group, UM1AI069419 to Cornell Clinical Trials Unit, UL1RR024996 to Cornell Clinical and Translational Science Center, subcontract from UM1 AI106701 to the Harvard Virology Support Laboratory and J. Z. L., AI100665 and AI036214 to D. Smith, AI111806 and AI125026 to A. C. C., and AI 27757 to University of Washington/Fred Hutch Center for AIDS Research, AI127966 to S. D., U01 AI41531 to F. M. H. Other support was provided by the Foundation for AIDS Research (amfAR) Institute for HIV Cure Research (grant number amfAR 109301); Fonds de Recherche en Sant{\'e} du Qu{\'e}bec SIDA Maladies Infectieuses; and Canadian Institute of Health Research (grant number 385806). Funding Information: This work was supported by the Harvard University Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grant number 5P30AI060354-08 to J. Z. L. and R. T. G); National Institutes of Health (NIH) (grant numbers AI125109 to J. Z. L., AI106039 to S. J. L., UM1 AI068634 to Statistical and Data Management Center of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group, UM1 AI068636 to AIDS Clinical Trials Group, UM1AI069419 to Cornell Clinical Trials Unit, UL1RR024996 to Cornell Clinical and Translational Science Center, subcontract from UM1 AI106701 to the Harvard Virology Support Laboratory and J. Z. L., AI100665 and AI036214 to D. Smith, AI111806 and AI125026 to A. C. C., and AI 27757 to University of Washington/Fred Hutch Center for AIDS Research, AI127966 to S. D., U01 AI41531 to F. M. H. Other support was provided by the Foundation for AIDS Research (amfAR) Institute for HIV Cure Research (grant number amfAR 109301); Fonds de Recherche en Sant{\'e} du Qu{\'e}bec SIDA Maladies Infectieuses; and Canadian Institute of Health Research (grant number 385806). Funding Information: Potential conflicts of interest. J. Z. L. has received research support and consulted for Gilead Sciences and Merck. R. T. G. has received educational grants from Gilead, Merck, and ViiV. D. R. K. serves as a consultant to and/or has received research support from Gilead, Janssen, Merck, and ViiV. P. V. chairs a Data Safety Monitoring Board for Merck. J.-P. R. received research support and consulted for Gilead, Merck, AbbVie, and ViiV. S. J. L. has received research support from Gilead and has consulted for GlaxoSmithKline. D. M. has consulted for Merck, and owns common stock in Gilead. D. Smith has consulted for Merck and AIDS Healthcare Foundation. D. Skiest has received research support from Gilead, ViiV, and GlaxoSmithKline. A. C. C. is a member of a Data Safety Monitoring Board for Merck and has received research support from Bristol-Myers-Squibb. S. D. has received grant support from Gilead, Merck and ViiV, has consulted for Janssen Pharmaceuticals, and is a member of the scientific advisory board from Enochian and Bryologyx. Other authors report no potential conflicts of interest. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.",
year = "2018",
month = nov,
day = "5",
doi = "10.1093/infdis/jiy479",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "218",
pages = "1954--1963",
journal = "Journal of Infectious Diseases",
issn = "0022-1899",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "12",
}