TY - JOUR
T1 - The 2012 Hubble Ultra Deep Field (UDF12)
T2 - Observational overview
AU - Koekemoer, Anton M.
AU - Ellis, Richard S.
AU - McLure, Ross J.
AU - Dunlop, James S.
AU - Robertson, Brant E.
AU - Ono, Yoshiaki
AU - Schenker, Matthew A.
AU - Ouchi, Masami
AU - Bowler, Rebecca A.A.
AU - Rogers, Alexander B.
AU - Curtis-Lake, Emma
AU - Schneider, Evan
AU - Charlot, Stephane
AU - Stark, Daniel P.
AU - Furlanetto, Steven R.
AU - Cirasuolo, Michele
AU - Wild, V.
AU - Targett, T.
N1 - Funding Information:
The assistance of H. de Visser and H. Everts during surgery and J. T. Eisses for running the experiment and in situ incubations is highly appreciated. We also thank R. Terluin and the other members of his team for taking care of the cows and sample collection and P. L. van der Togt and J. Dijkstra (Agricultural University) for calculations of ruminal turn- over. We are grateful to S. Tamminga (Agricultural University) for his critical review of the manuscript. This study was financed partly by Fonds Onderzoek Mest-en Am- moniakproblematiek (Fund for Manure and Ammonia Research).
PY - 2013/11
Y1 - 2013/11
N2 - We present the 2012 Hubble Ultra Deep Field campaign (UDF12), a large 128 orbit Cycle 19 Hubble Space Telescope program aimed at extending previous Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3)/IR observations of the UDF by quadrupling the exposure time in the F105W filter, imaging in an additional F140W filter, and extending the F160W exposure time by 50%, as well as adding an extremely deep parallel field with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) in the F814W filter with a total exposure time of 128 orbits. The principal scientific goal of this project is to determine whether galaxies reionized the universe; our observations are designed to provide a robust determination of the star formation density at z ≳ 8, improve measurements of the ultraviolet continuum slope at z ∼ 7-8, facilitate the construction of new samples of z ∼ 9-10 candidates, and enable the detection of sources up to z ∼ 12. For this project we committed to combining these and other WFC3/IR imaging observations of the UDF area into a single homogeneous dataset to provide the deepest near-infrared observations of the sky. In this paper we present the observational overview of the project and describe the procedures used in reducing the data as well as the final products that were produced. We present the details of several special procedures that we implemented to correct calibration issues in the data for both the WFC3/IR observations of the main UDF field and our deep 128 orbit ACS/WFC F814W parallel field image, including treatment for persistence, correction for time-variable sky backgrounds, and astrometric alignment to an accuracy of a few milliarcseconds. We release the full, combined mosaics comprising a single, unified set of mosaics of the UDF, providing the deepest near-infrared blank-field view of the universe currently achievable, reaching magnitudes as deep as AB ∼ 30 mag in the near-infrared, and yielding a legacy dataset on this field.
AB - We present the 2012 Hubble Ultra Deep Field campaign (UDF12), a large 128 orbit Cycle 19 Hubble Space Telescope program aimed at extending previous Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3)/IR observations of the UDF by quadrupling the exposure time in the F105W filter, imaging in an additional F140W filter, and extending the F160W exposure time by 50%, as well as adding an extremely deep parallel field with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) in the F814W filter with a total exposure time of 128 orbits. The principal scientific goal of this project is to determine whether galaxies reionized the universe; our observations are designed to provide a robust determination of the star formation density at z ≳ 8, improve measurements of the ultraviolet continuum slope at z ∼ 7-8, facilitate the construction of new samples of z ∼ 9-10 candidates, and enable the detection of sources up to z ∼ 12. For this project we committed to combining these and other WFC3/IR imaging observations of the UDF area into a single homogeneous dataset to provide the deepest near-infrared observations of the sky. In this paper we present the observational overview of the project and describe the procedures used in reducing the data as well as the final products that were produced. We present the details of several special procedures that we implemented to correct calibration issues in the data for both the WFC3/IR observations of the main UDF field and our deep 128 orbit ACS/WFC F814W parallel field image, including treatment for persistence, correction for time-variable sky backgrounds, and astrometric alignment to an accuracy of a few milliarcseconds. We release the full, combined mosaics comprising a single, unified set of mosaics of the UDF, providing the deepest near-infrared blank-field view of the universe currently achievable, reaching magnitudes as deep as AB ∼ 30 mag in the near-infrared, and yielding a legacy dataset on this field.
KW - cosmology: observations
KW - galaxies: high-redshift
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84886797503&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84886797503&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1088/0067-0049/209/1/3
DO - 10.1088/0067-0049/209/1/3
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84886797503
SN - 0067-0049
VL - 209
JO - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
JF - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
IS - 1
M1 - 3
ER -