The 1995 Arizona Program: Toward a Better Understanding of Winter Storm Precipitation Development in Mountainous Terrain

Brian A. Klimowski, Robert Becker, Eric A. Betterton, Roelof Bruintjes, Terry L. Clark, William D. Hall, Brad W. Orr, Robert A. Kropfli, Paivi Piironen, Roger F. Reinking, Dennis Sundie, Taneil Uttal

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

The 1995 Arizona Program was a field experiment aimed at advancing the understanding of winter storm development in a mountainous region of central Arizona. From 15 January through 15 March 1995, a wide variety of instrumentation was operated in and around the Verde Valley southwest of Flagstaff, Arizona. These instruments included two Doppler dual-polarization radars, an instrumented airplane, a lidar, microwave and infrared radiometers, an acoustic sounder, and other surface-based facilities. Twenty-nine scientists from eight institutions took part in the program. Of special interest was the interaction of topographically induced, storm-embedded gravity waves with ambient upslope flow. It is hypothesized that these waves serve to augment the upslope-forced precipitation that falls on the mountain ridges. A major thrust of the program was to compare the observations of these winter storms to those predicted with the Clark-NCAR 3D, nonhydrostatic numerical model.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)799-813
Number of pages15
JournalBulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Volume79
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 1998

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Atmospheric Science

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