Surface conductance for evapotranspiration of tropical forests: Calculations, variations, and controls

Zheng Hong Tan; Jun Fu Zhao; Guan Ze Wang; Meng Ping Chen; Lian Yan Yang; Chun Sheng He; Natalia Restrepo-Coupe; Shu Shi Peng; Xue Yan Liu; Humberto R. da Rocha; Yoshiko Kosugi; Takashi Hirano; Scott R. Saleska; Michael L. Goulden; Jiye Zeng; Fang Jun Ding; Fu Gao; Liang Song

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.06.006

Surface conductance for evapotranspiration of tropical forests: Calculations, variations, and controls

Zheng Hong Tan, Jun Fu Zhao, Guan Ze Wang, Meng Ping Chen, Lian Yan Yang, Chun Sheng He, Natalia Restrepo-Coupe, Shu Shi Peng, Xue Yan Liu, Humberto R. da Rocha, Yoshiko Kosugi, Takashi Hirano, Scott R. Saleska, Michael L. Goulden, Jiye Zeng, Fang Jun Ding, Fu Gao, Liang Song

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

33 Scopus citations

Abstract

Tropical forests are responsible for the evaporation and transpiration of large quantities of water into the atmosphere annually. Surface conductance (g_s) is a poorly understood phenomenon that plays a central role in regulating this evapotranspiration. We studied the calculations, variations, and environmental factors controlling g_s based on eddy flux measurements from 10 tropical forest sites that covered a wide range of water gradients across continents. We found that boundary layer conductance (g_b) is comparable with aerodynamic conductance for momentum (g_aM) and thus, it should not be ignored in estimations of total aerodynamic conductance for water vapor (g_aV). Based on the findings, we have made some recommendations for g_aM estimation both with and without measurements of turbulence. The seasonal variation of g_s is low in humid sites but large in sites with a dry season. A value of 24.8 ± 13.8 mm s⁻¹ was suggested for maximum surface conductance (g_smax) for tropical forests. Both water vapor deficit (D) and radiation (Q) play an important role in controlling g_s. The model driven by both D and Q could capture the diurnal variations of g_s well and could be implemented in large-scale models in future. We believe the findings of this study could contribute substantially to our understanding of tropical forest g_s.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	317-328
Number of pages	12
Journal	Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Volume	275
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.06.006
State	Published - Sep 15 2019
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Boundary layer conductance
Energy imbalance correction
Jarvis stomata model
Maximum surface conductance
Penman–Monteith equation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Forestry
Global and Planetary Change
Agronomy and Crop Science
Atmospheric Science

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10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.06.006

Cite this

Tan, Z. H., Zhao, J. F., Wang, G. Z., Chen, M. P., Yang, L. Y., He, C. S., Restrepo-Coupe, N., Peng, S. S., Liu, X. Y., da Rocha, H. R., Kosugi, Y., Hirano, T., Saleska, S. R., Goulden, M. L., Zeng, J., Ding, F. J., Gao, F., & Song, L. (2019). Surface conductance for evapotranspiration of tropical forests: Calculations, variations, and controls. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 275, 317-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.06.006

Tan, ZH, Zhao, JF, Wang, GZ, Chen, MP, Yang, LY, He, CS, Restrepo-Coupe, N, Peng, SS, Liu, XY, da Rocha, HR, Kosugi, Y, Hirano, T, Saleska, SR, Goulden, ML, Zeng, J, Ding, FJ, Gao, F & Song, L 2019, 'Surface conductance for evapotranspiration of tropical forests: Calculations, variations, and controls', Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, vol. 275, pp. 317-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.06.006

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title = "Surface conductance for evapotranspiration of tropical forests: Calculations, variations, and controls",

abstract = "Tropical forests are responsible for the evaporation and transpiration of large quantities of water into the atmosphere annually. Surface conductance (gs) is a poorly understood phenomenon that plays a central role in regulating this evapotranspiration. We studied the calculations, variations, and environmental factors controlling gs based on eddy flux measurements from 10 tropical forest sites that covered a wide range of water gradients across continents. We found that boundary layer conductance (gb) is comparable with aerodynamic conductance for momentum (gaM) and thus, it should not be ignored in estimations of total aerodynamic conductance for water vapor (gaV). Based on the findings, we have made some recommendations for gaM estimation both with and without measurements of turbulence. The seasonal variation of gs is low in humid sites but large in sites with a dry season. A value of 24.8 ± 13.8 mm s−1 was suggested for maximum surface conductance (gsmax) for tropical forests. Both water vapor deficit (D) and radiation (Q) play an important role in controlling gs. The model driven by both D and Q could capture the diurnal variations of gs well and could be implemented in large-scale models in future. We believe the findings of this study could contribute substantially to our understanding of tropical forest gs.",

keywords = "Boundary layer conductance, Energy imbalance correction, Jarvis stomata model, Maximum surface conductance, Penman–Monteith equation",

author = "Tan, {Zheng Hong} and Zhao, {Jun Fu} and Wang, {Guan Ze} and Chen, {Meng Ping} and Yang, {Lian Yan} and He, {Chun Sheng} and Natalia Restrepo-Coupe and Peng, {Shu Shi} and Liu, {Xue Yan} and {da Rocha}, {Humberto R.} and Yoshiko Kosugi and Takashi Hirano and Saleska, {Scott R.} and Goulden, {Michael L.} and Jiye Zeng and Ding, {Fang Jun} and Fu Gao and Liang Song",

note = "Funding Information: This study was partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number NSFC: 41771099 , 41861023 ], the C-Talent Project of Hainan University (to Zheng-Hong Tan) and the candidates of the Young and Middle Aged Academic Leaders of Yunnan Province [ 2019HB040 ]. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2019",

month = sep,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.06.006",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "275",

pages = "317--328",

journal = "Agricultural and Forest Meteorology",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Surface conductance for evapotranspiration of tropical forests

T2 - Calculations, variations, and controls

AU - Tan, Zheng Hong

AU - Zhao, Jun Fu

AU - Wang, Guan Ze

AU - Chen, Meng Ping

AU - Yang, Lian Yan

AU - He, Chun Sheng

AU - Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia

AU - Peng, Shu Shi

AU - Liu, Xue Yan

AU - da Rocha, Humberto R.

AU - Kosugi, Yoshiko

AU - Hirano, Takashi

AU - Saleska, Scott R.

AU - Goulden, Michael L.

AU - Zeng, Jiye

AU - Ding, Fang Jun

AU - Gao, Fu

AU - Song, Liang

N1 - Funding Information: This study was partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number NSFC: 41771099 , 41861023 ], the C-Talent Project of Hainan University (to Zheng-Hong Tan) and the candidates of the Young and Middle Aged Academic Leaders of Yunnan Province [ 2019HB040 ]. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2019/9/15

Y1 - 2019/9/15

N2 - Tropical forests are responsible for the evaporation and transpiration of large quantities of water into the atmosphere annually. Surface conductance (gs) is a poorly understood phenomenon that plays a central role in regulating this evapotranspiration. We studied the calculations, variations, and environmental factors controlling gs based on eddy flux measurements from 10 tropical forest sites that covered a wide range of water gradients across continents. We found that boundary layer conductance (gb) is comparable with aerodynamic conductance for momentum (gaM) and thus, it should not be ignored in estimations of total aerodynamic conductance for water vapor (gaV). Based on the findings, we have made some recommendations for gaM estimation both with and without measurements of turbulence. The seasonal variation of gs is low in humid sites but large in sites with a dry season. A value of 24.8 ± 13.8 mm s−1 was suggested for maximum surface conductance (gsmax) for tropical forests. Both water vapor deficit (D) and radiation (Q) play an important role in controlling gs. The model driven by both D and Q could capture the diurnal variations of gs well and could be implemented in large-scale models in future. We believe the findings of this study could contribute substantially to our understanding of tropical forest gs.

AB - Tropical forests are responsible for the evaporation and transpiration of large quantities of water into the atmosphere annually. Surface conductance (gs) is a poorly understood phenomenon that plays a central role in regulating this evapotranspiration. We studied the calculations, variations, and environmental factors controlling gs based on eddy flux measurements from 10 tropical forest sites that covered a wide range of water gradients across continents. We found that boundary layer conductance (gb) is comparable with aerodynamic conductance for momentum (gaM) and thus, it should not be ignored in estimations of total aerodynamic conductance for water vapor (gaV). Based on the findings, we have made some recommendations for gaM estimation both with and without measurements of turbulence. The seasonal variation of gs is low in humid sites but large in sites with a dry season. A value of 24.8 ± 13.8 mm s−1 was suggested for maximum surface conductance (gsmax) for tropical forests. Both water vapor deficit (D) and radiation (Q) play an important role in controlling gs. The model driven by both D and Q could capture the diurnal variations of gs well and could be implemented in large-scale models in future. We believe the findings of this study could contribute substantially to our understanding of tropical forest gs.

KW - Boundary layer conductance

KW - Energy imbalance correction

KW - Jarvis stomata model

KW - Maximum surface conductance

KW - Penman–Monteith equation

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U2 - 10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.06.006

DO - 10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.06.006

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85066836462

SN - 0168-1923

VL - 275

SP - 317

EP - 328

JO - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

JF - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

ER -

Surface conductance for evapotranspiration of tropical forests: Calculations, variations, and controls

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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