Structures and materials

The term mechatronics was first used by Japanese engineers to define a mechanical system with embedded electronics, capable of providing intelligence and control functions. Since then, the continued progress in integration has led to the development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) in which the mechanical structures themselves are part of the electrical subsystem. The development and design of such mechatronic systems requires interdisciplinary knowledge in several disciplines-electronics, mechanics, materials, and chemistry. This section contains an overview of the main mechanical structures, the materials they are built from, and the governing laws describing the interaction between electrical and mechanical processes. It is intended for use in the initial stage of the design, when quick estimates are necessary to validate or reject a particular concept. Special attention is devoted to the newly emerging smart materials-electroactive polymer actuators. Several tables of material constants are also provided for reference.