Spectral Variability of Two Rapidly Rotating Brown Dwarfs: 2MASS J08354256-0819237 and 2MASS J18212815+1414010

E. Schlawin, Adam J. Burgasser, T. Karalidi, J. E. Gizis, J. Teske

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

L dwarfs exhibit low-level, rotationally modulated photometric variability generally associated with heterogeneous, cloud-covered atmospheres. The spectral character of these variations yields insight into the particle sizes and vertical structure of the clouds. Here, we present the results of a high-precision, ground-based, near-infrared, spectral monitoring study of two mid-type L dwarfs that have variability reported in the literature, 2MASS J08354256-0819237 and 2MASS J18212815+1414010, using the SpeX instrument on the Infrared Telescope Facility. By simultaneously observing a nearby reference star, we achieve <0.15% per-band sensitivity in relative brightness changes across the 0.9-2.4 μm bandwidth. We find that 2MASS J0835-0819 exhibits marginal (≲0.5% per band) variability with no clear spectral dependence, while 2MASS J1821+1414 varies by up to ±1.5% at 0.9 μm, with the variability amplitude declining toward longer wavelengths. The latter result extends the variability trend observed in prior HST/WFC3 spectral monitoring of 2MASS J1821+1414, and we show that the full 0.9-2.4 μm variability amplitude spectrum can be reproduced by Mie extinction from dust particles with a log-normal particle size distribution with a median radius of 0.24 ∼m. We do not detect statistically significant phase variations with wavelength. The different variability behavior of 2MASS J0835-0819 and 2MASS J1821 +1414 suggests dependencies on viewing angle and/or overall cloud content, underlying factors that can be examined through a broader survey.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number163
JournalAstrophysical Journal
Volume849
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 10 2017

Keywords

  • brown dwarfs
  • stars: atmospheres
  • stars: individual (2MASS J08354256-0819237, 2MASS J18212815+1414010)
  • stars: late-type
  • techniques: spectroscopic

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Space and Planetary Science

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Spectral Variability of Two Rapidly Rotating Brown Dwarfs: 2MASS J08354256-0819237 and 2MASS J18212815+1414010'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this