SN 2019hnl: A Type IIP Supernova with a Partially Stripped, Low-mass Progenitor

Aidan Martas; Stefano Valenti; Aravind P. Ravi; Yize Dong; K. Azalee Bostroem; Jeniveve Pearson; Manisha Shrestha; Jennifer E. Andrews; David J. Sand; Griffin Hosseinzadeh; Michael Lundquist; Emily Hoang; Darshana Mehta; Nicolás Meza Retamal; Saurabh W. Jha; Daryl Janzen; D. Andrew Howell; Curtis McCully; Daichi Hiramatsu; Craig Pellegrino

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae0617

SN 2019hnl: A Type IIP Supernova with a Partially Stripped, Low-mass Progenitor

Aidan Martas
, Stefano Valenti
, Aravind P. Ravi
, Yize Dong
, K. Azalee Bostroem
, Jeniveve Pearson
, Manisha Shrestha
, Jennifer E. Andrews
, David J. Sand
, Griffin Hosseinzadeh
, Michael Lundquist
, Emily Hoang
, Darshana Mehta
, Nicolás Meza Retamal
, Saurabh W. Jha
, Daryl Janzen
, D. Andrew Howell
, Curtis McCully
, Daichi Hiramatsu
, Craig Pellegrino

Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We present optical photometry and spectroscopy of SN 2019hnl. Discovered within ∼26 hr of explosion by the ATLAS survey, SN 2019hnl is a typical Type IIP supernova (SN) with a peak absolute V-band magnitude of −16.7 ± 0.1 mag, a plateau length of ∼107 days, and an early decline rate of 0.0086 ± 0.0006 mag (50 days) ⁻¹ . We use nebular spectroscopy and hydrodynamic modeling with the SNEC, MESA, and STELLA codes to infer that the progenitor of SN 2019hnl was an MZAMS ∼ 11M_⊙ red supergiant, which produced 0.047 ± 0.007M_⊙ of ⁵⁶Ni in the explosion. As a part of our hydrodynamic modeling, we reduced hydrogen envelope mass by scaling the mass loss within the “Dutch” wind scheme to fit our light curve, showing that the progenitor of a relatively typical Type IIP SN may experience partial stripping during their evolution and establish massive (∼0.2M_⊙) circumstellar material environments prior to core collapse.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	28
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	993
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae0617
State	Published - Nov 1 2025

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-4357/ae0617

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Martas, A., Valenti, S., Ravi, A. P., Dong, Y., Bostroem, K. A., Pearson, J., Shrestha, M., Andrews, J. E., Sand, D. J., Hosseinzadeh, G., Lundquist, M., Hoang, E., Mehta, D., Meza Retamal, N., Jha, S. W., Janzen, D., Howell, D. A., McCully, C., Hiramatsu, D., & Pellegrino, C. (2025). SN 2019hnl: A Type IIP Supernova with a Partially Stripped, Low-mass Progenitor. Astrophysical Journal, 993(1), Article 28. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae0617

Martas, A, Valenti, S, Ravi, AP, Dong, Y, Bostroem, KA, Pearson, J, Shrestha, M, Andrews, JE, Sand, DJ, Hosseinzadeh, G, Lundquist, M, Hoang, E, Mehta, D, Meza Retamal, N, Jha, SW, Janzen, D, Howell, DA, McCully, C, Hiramatsu, D & Pellegrino, C 2025, 'SN 2019hnl: A Type IIP Supernova with a Partially Stripped, Low-mass Progenitor', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 993, no. 1, 28. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae0617

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title = "SN 2019hnl: A Type IIP Supernova with a Partially Stripped, Low-mass Progenitor",

abstract = "We present optical photometry and spectroscopy of SN 2019hnl. Discovered within ∼26 hr of explosion by the ATLAS survey, SN 2019hnl is a typical Type IIP supernova (SN) with a peak absolute V-band magnitude of −16.7 ± 0.1 mag, a plateau length of ∼107 days, and an early decline rate of 0.0086 ± 0.0006 mag (50 days) −1 . We use nebular spectroscopy and hydrodynamic modeling with the SNEC, MESA, and STELLA codes to infer that the progenitor of SN 2019hnl was an MZAMS ∼ 11M⊙ red supergiant, which produced 0.047 ± 0.007M⊙ of 56Ni in the explosion. As a part of our hydrodynamic modeling, we reduced hydrogen envelope mass by scaling the mass loss within the “Dutch” wind scheme to fit our light curve, showing that the progenitor of a relatively typical Type IIP SN may experience partial stripping during their evolution and establish massive (∼0.2M⊙) circumstellar material environments prior to core collapse.",

author = "Aidan Martas and Stefano Valenti and Ravi, \{Aravind P.\} and Yize Dong and Bostroem, \{K. Azalee\} and Jeniveve Pearson and Manisha Shrestha and Andrews, \{Jennifer E.\} and Sand, \{David J.\} and Griffin Hosseinzadeh and Michael Lundquist and Emily Hoang and Darshana Mehta and \{Meza Retamal\}, Nicol{\'a}s and Jha, \{Saurabh W.\} and Daryl Janzen and Howell, \{D. Andrew\} and Curtis McCully and Daichi Hiramatsu and Craig Pellegrino",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2025",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ae0617",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "993",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

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T1 - SN 2019hnl

T2 - A Type IIP Supernova with a Partially Stripped, Low-mass Progenitor

AU - Martas, Aidan

AU - Valenti, Stefano

AU - Ravi, Aravind P.

AU - Dong, Yize

AU - Bostroem, K. Azalee

AU - Pearson, Jeniveve

AU - Shrestha, Manisha

AU - Andrews, Jennifer E.

AU - Sand, David J.

AU - Hosseinzadeh, Griffin

AU - Lundquist, Michael

AU - Hoang, Emily

AU - Mehta, Darshana

AU - Meza Retamal, Nicolás

AU - Jha, Saurabh W.

AU - Janzen, Daryl

AU - Howell, D. Andrew

AU - McCully, Curtis

AU - Hiramatsu, Daichi

AU - Pellegrino, Craig

PY - 2025/11/1

Y1 - 2025/11/1

N2 - We present optical photometry and spectroscopy of SN 2019hnl. Discovered within ∼26 hr of explosion by the ATLAS survey, SN 2019hnl is a typical Type IIP supernova (SN) with a peak absolute V-band magnitude of −16.7 ± 0.1 mag, a plateau length of ∼107 days, and an early decline rate of 0.0086 ± 0.0006 mag (50 days) −1 . We use nebular spectroscopy and hydrodynamic modeling with the SNEC, MESA, and STELLA codes to infer that the progenitor of SN 2019hnl was an MZAMS ∼ 11M⊙ red supergiant, which produced 0.047 ± 0.007M⊙ of 56Ni in the explosion. As a part of our hydrodynamic modeling, we reduced hydrogen envelope mass by scaling the mass loss within the “Dutch” wind scheme to fit our light curve, showing that the progenitor of a relatively typical Type IIP SN may experience partial stripping during their evolution and establish massive (∼0.2M⊙) circumstellar material environments prior to core collapse.

AB - We present optical photometry and spectroscopy of SN 2019hnl. Discovered within ∼26 hr of explosion by the ATLAS survey, SN 2019hnl is a typical Type IIP supernova (SN) with a peak absolute V-band magnitude of −16.7 ± 0.1 mag, a plateau length of ∼107 days, and an early decline rate of 0.0086 ± 0.0006 mag (50 days) −1 . We use nebular spectroscopy and hydrodynamic modeling with the SNEC, MESA, and STELLA codes to infer that the progenitor of SN 2019hnl was an MZAMS ∼ 11M⊙ red supergiant, which produced 0.047 ± 0.007M⊙ of 56Ni in the explosion. As a part of our hydrodynamic modeling, we reduced hydrogen envelope mass by scaling the mass loss within the “Dutch” wind scheme to fit our light curve, showing that the progenitor of a relatively typical Type IIP SN may experience partial stripping during their evolution and establish massive (∼0.2M⊙) circumstellar material environments prior to core collapse.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105019685197

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105019685197#tab=citedBy

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JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

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ER -

SN 2019hnl: A Type IIP Supernova with a Partially Stripped, Low-mass Progenitor

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