Smartphone-based microscopes

Disease diagnosis in low-resource settings is often hampered by lack of equipment and trained personnel required for microscopic examination of the biological sample. Recently, many smartphone-based microscopes have been developed and shown promise in microscopic imaging of the biological sample with minimal sample preparation. In this chapter, we will review the latest development of the smartphone microscopes. Various smartphone-based microscopy imaging methods will be reviewed. Approaches for smartphone microscope objective lenses will be discussed for their advantages and challenges. Finally, remaining challenges in translating the smartphone microscopy devices into field diagnostic tools will be discussed.