TY - JOUR
T1 - Sleep quality in cigarette smokers
T2 - Associations with smoking-related outcomes and exercise
AU - Purani, Himal
AU - Friedrichsen, Samantha
AU - Allen, Alicia M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding for this project was provided by ClearWay Minnesota ( RC-2015-0004 ), the University of Minnesota Foundation and the Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women’s Health Grant ( BIRCWH K12HD055887 ; A. Allen) from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), the Office of Research on Women’s Health, and the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, administered by the University of Minnesota Deborah E. Powell Center for Women’s Health. Support was also provided by Research Services in the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Medical School, University of Minnesota (S. Carlson). This publication was also supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health Award Number UL1TR000114 . The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health or University of Minnesota. These funding sources had no role in the study design, collection, analysis or interpretation of data, writing the manuscript or the decision to submit the paper for publication.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018
PY - 2019/3
Y1 - 2019/3
N2 - Introduction: Compared to the general population, cigarette smokers report poorer sleep quality. Poor sleep quality in cigarette smokers is associated with greater nicotine dependence. While exercise is known to improve sleep quality in the general population, less is known about how exercise effects sleep in those who smoke. The goal of this study was to explore the relationships between exercise, sleep, and smoking in cigarette smokers. Methods: Data on sleep quality (Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)), smoking-related outcomes (e.g., cigarettes/day, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, Minnesota Nicotine and Withdrawal Scale, and Questionnaire of Smoking Urges) and exercise (Fitbit activity measures) were collected for 32 participants (63% female, mean age 30.3 ± 1.0 years) participating in a 12-week clinical research study. Analyses included simple linear regression models. Results: Overall, participants reported poor sleep quality at baseline (PSQI > 5). Poorer sleep quality at baseline was associated with increased withdrawal (β = 1.63 ± 0.53, p = 0.0043), craving (β = 0.51 ± 0.43, p = 0.2471), and total smoking urges (β = 1.10 ± 0.41, p = 0.0118). During follow-up (i.e., from baseline to week 12), a daily increase in exercise was associated with improved sleep quality over the same time period (PSQI: β = −0.82 ± 0.35, p = 0.0379). Conclusion: Our data suggest that better sleep quality may be associated with lower levels of withdrawal, craving, and smoking urges. Further, exercise may be associated with better sleep quality in cigarette smokers. Future work should explore how increasing exercise and improving sleep quality could inform future smoking cessation interventions.
AB - Introduction: Compared to the general population, cigarette smokers report poorer sleep quality. Poor sleep quality in cigarette smokers is associated with greater nicotine dependence. While exercise is known to improve sleep quality in the general population, less is known about how exercise effects sleep in those who smoke. The goal of this study was to explore the relationships between exercise, sleep, and smoking in cigarette smokers. Methods: Data on sleep quality (Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)), smoking-related outcomes (e.g., cigarettes/day, Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, Minnesota Nicotine and Withdrawal Scale, and Questionnaire of Smoking Urges) and exercise (Fitbit activity measures) were collected for 32 participants (63% female, mean age 30.3 ± 1.0 years) participating in a 12-week clinical research study. Analyses included simple linear regression models. Results: Overall, participants reported poor sleep quality at baseline (PSQI > 5). Poorer sleep quality at baseline was associated with increased withdrawal (β = 1.63 ± 0.53, p = 0.0043), craving (β = 0.51 ± 0.43, p = 0.2471), and total smoking urges (β = 1.10 ± 0.41, p = 0.0118). During follow-up (i.e., from baseline to week 12), a daily increase in exercise was associated with improved sleep quality over the same time period (PSQI: β = −0.82 ± 0.35, p = 0.0379). Conclusion: Our data suggest that better sleep quality may be associated with lower levels of withdrawal, craving, and smoking urges. Further, exercise may be associated with better sleep quality in cigarette smokers. Future work should explore how increasing exercise and improving sleep quality could inform future smoking cessation interventions.
KW - Cigarette smoking
KW - Exercise
KW - Sleep quality
KW - Smoking behavior
KW - Withdrawal
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U2 - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.10.023
DO - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.10.023
M3 - Article
C2 - 30368021
AN - SCOPUS:85055255490
SN - 0306-4603
VL - 90
SP - 71
EP - 76
JO - Addictive Behaviors
JF - Addictive Behaviors
ER -