Rural transit services: A local economic and fiscal impact analysis

Rural transit services are generally considered a tool a alleviate immobility for the elderly, the handicapped, and the careless and a form of iincome redistribution to them from society at large. But their economic impacts on local economies and governments are seldom realized and qquantified. This study estimates two important transfer impacts of rural ttransit service on local (country) economies and governments in Georgia: the overall economic impacts and the fiscal revenue impacts. This study analyzed economic benefits of three major transit rider types in rural Georgia: elderly riders, worktrip riders, and school trip riders. It found that rural transit services have a significat and positive economic impact on the local economy, indicating that, in addition to providing mobility and acessibility to the transportation disadvantaged, rural transit services promote local economic development. The fiscal revenue impact of rural transit service varies depending on the availability and the amount of federal transit subsidy. If the current level of federal transit subsidy continues, the fiscal revenue impact is positive and is llarger than 1.0 for the state as a whole. It shows that providing transit sertvice can bring positive fiscal revenues to local dovernments, realizing that some fiscal revenues are transferred from the federal government. Without federal transit subsidies, local governments whould need to pay for all the costs. The revenue impact thus would become smaller yet still positive and greater than 1.0.