Research and public health implications of the intricate relationship between calcium and vitamin D in the prevention of colorectal neoplasia

In summary, the article by Grau et al. serves as a catalyst for further exploration of the mechanisms by which calcium and vitamin D may interact to prevent colorectal neoplasia. Moreover, the work serves as a compelling reminder of the need for large association studies that include consideration of both genetic and environmental components, as well as the need for functional studies of candidate genes. Both approaches are necessary to identify risk and susceptibility factors for carcinogenesis.