Relationship of Plasma Apolipoprotein C-I Truncation With Risk of Diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Actos Now for the Prevention of Diabetes Study

Juraj Koska, Yueming Hu, Jeremy Furtado, Dean Billheimer, Dobrin Nedelkov, Dawn Schwenke, Matthew J. Budoff, Alain G. Bertoni, Robyn L. McClelland, Peter D. Reaven

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Higher truncated-to-native apolipoprotein (apo) C-I proteoform ratios (C-I0/C-I) are associated with favorable cardiometabolic risk profiles, but their relationship with longitudinal changes in insulin resistance (IR) and incident diabetes is unknown. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Plasma apoC-I proteoforms were measured by mass spectrometry immunoassay at baseline in 4,742 nondiabetic participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and 524 participants with prediabetes in the Actos Now for Prevention of Diabetes (ACT NOW) study. The primary outcome was incident diabetes (fasting glucose [FG] $7.0mmol/L or hypoglycemicmedication use in MESA; FG$7.0mmol/L or 2-h glucose $11.1 mmol/L in an oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT] in ACT NOW). Secondary outcomes were changes in FG and HOMA-IR in MESA, and OGTT-glucose area under the curve (AUCglucose) andMatsuda insulin sensitivity index (ISI) in ACT NOW. RESULTS In MESA, a higher C-I0/C-I was associated with lower risk of diabetes (n = 564 events; HR 0.87 [95% CI 0.79, 0.95] per SD; P = 0.0036; median follow-up, 9 years), and smaller increases (follow-up adjusted for baseline) in FG (20.5%; P < 0.0001) and HOMA-IR (22.9%; P = 0.011) after adjusting for baseline clinical and demographic covariates, including plasma triglycerides and HDL cholesterol. Total apoC-I concentrations were not associated with changes in FG, HOMA-IR, or incident diabetes. In ACT NOW, higher C-I0/C-I was associated with smaller increases in AUCglucose (21.8%; P = 0.0052), greater increases in ISI (7.2%; P = 0.0095), and lower risk of diabetes (n = 59 events; 0.66 [95% CI 0.48, 0.91]; P = 0.004; median follow-up, 2.5 years) after adjusting for treatment group and diabetes risk factors, including plasma lipids. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that apoC-I truncation may contribute to changes in glucose levels, IR, and risk of diabetes.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)2214-2222
Number of pages9
JournalDiabetes care
Volume47
Issue number12
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2024

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Internal Medicine
  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Advanced and Specialized Nursing

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Relationship of Plasma Apolipoprotein C-I Truncation With Risk of Diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Actos Now for the Prevention of Diabetes Study'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this