TY - JOUR
T1 - Quinone thioether-mediated DNA damage, growth arrest, and gadd153 expression in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells
AU - Jeong, Jeongmi K.
AU - Stevens, James L.
AU - Lau, Serrine S.
AU - Monks, Terrence J.
PY - 1996/9
Y1 - 1996/9
N2 - Although the conjugation of quinones with glutathione is associated with the process of detoxication, the reaction frequently facilitates quinone-induced toxicity. Thiol conjugates of quinones retain the ability to redox cycle and generate reactive oxygen species (RES), contributing to the biological (re)activity of a variety of polyphenelic compounds. 2-Bromo- bis(glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone (2-Br-bis(GSyl)HQ) and 2-bromo-6- (glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone [2-Br-6-(GSyl)HQ] are potent nephrotoxicants in rats, inducing rapid karyolysis in vivo and DNA single-strand breaks in cultured renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (LLC-PK1). We investigated the cellular and molecular responses initiated after exposure of LLC-PK1 cells to 2-Br-bis(GSyl)HQ and 2-Br-6-(GSyl)HQ. Both quinone thioethers cause the concentration-dependent formation of DNA single-strand breaks, rapidly (2-10 min) inhibit DNA synthesis, and increase the expression of gadd153, a gene responsive to growth arrest and DNA damage. The addition of catalase to LLC-PK1 cells exposed to 2-Br-6-(GSyl)HQ or 2-Br-bis(GSyl)HQ effectively prevents gadd153 induction, which is consistent with findings that the gadd153 gene is subject to redox modulation and that ROS play an important role in quinone thioether-mediated cytotoxicity. Deferexamine pretreatment also diminishes gadd153 induction, suggesting that in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells, decreased expression of gadd153 is not dependent on the removal of hydrogen peroxide per se but rather on preventing the generation of hydroxyl radical. Chelation of intracellular calcium with ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester also reduces gadd153 induction by 2-Br-6-(GSyl)HQ and 2-Br- bis(GSyl)HQ, suggesting a role for calcium in the signaling process. Thus, 2-Br-6-(GSyl)HQ and 2-Br-bis(GSyl)HQ activate a genomic stress response via a signaling pathway that may include ROS, Ca2+, and DNA damage.
AB - Although the conjugation of quinones with glutathione is associated with the process of detoxication, the reaction frequently facilitates quinone-induced toxicity. Thiol conjugates of quinones retain the ability to redox cycle and generate reactive oxygen species (RES), contributing to the biological (re)activity of a variety of polyphenelic compounds. 2-Bromo- bis(glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone (2-Br-bis(GSyl)HQ) and 2-bromo-6- (glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone [2-Br-6-(GSyl)HQ] are potent nephrotoxicants in rats, inducing rapid karyolysis in vivo and DNA single-strand breaks in cultured renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (LLC-PK1). We investigated the cellular and molecular responses initiated after exposure of LLC-PK1 cells to 2-Br-bis(GSyl)HQ and 2-Br-6-(GSyl)HQ. Both quinone thioethers cause the concentration-dependent formation of DNA single-strand breaks, rapidly (2-10 min) inhibit DNA synthesis, and increase the expression of gadd153, a gene responsive to growth arrest and DNA damage. The addition of catalase to LLC-PK1 cells exposed to 2-Br-6-(GSyl)HQ or 2-Br-bis(GSyl)HQ effectively prevents gadd153 induction, which is consistent with findings that the gadd153 gene is subject to redox modulation and that ROS play an important role in quinone thioether-mediated cytotoxicity. Deferexamine pretreatment also diminishes gadd153 induction, suggesting that in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells, decreased expression of gadd153 is not dependent on the removal of hydrogen peroxide per se but rather on preventing the generation of hydroxyl radical. Chelation of intracellular calcium with ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester also reduces gadd153 induction by 2-Br-6-(GSyl)HQ and 2-Br- bis(GSyl)HQ, suggesting a role for calcium in the signaling process. Thus, 2-Br-6-(GSyl)HQ and 2-Br-bis(GSyl)HQ activate a genomic stress response via a signaling pathway that may include ROS, Ca2+, and DNA damage.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 8794898
AN - SCOPUS:0029807279
SN - 0026-895X
VL - 50
SP - 592
EP - 598
JO - Molecular pharmacology
JF - Molecular pharmacology
IS - 3
ER -