Pulse-based 2-D motion sensors

Charles M. Higgins; Rainer A. Deutschmann; Christof Koch

doi:10.1109/82.769776

Pulse-based 2-D motion sensors

Charles M. Higgins, Rainer A. Deutschmann, Christof Koch

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

43 Scopus citations

Abstract

We present two compact CMOS integrated circuits for computing the two-dimensional (2-D) local direction of motion of an image focused directly onto the chip. These circuits incorporate onboard photoreceptors and focal plane motion processing. With fully functional 14 x 13 and 12 x 13 implementations consuming less than 50 -iW per pixel, we conclude that practical pixel resolutions of at least 64 x 64 are easily achievable. Measurements characterizing the elementary one-dimensional motion detectors are presented along with a discussion of 2-D performance and example 2-D motion vector fields. As an example application of the sensor, it is shown that the array as fabricated can directly compute the focus of expansion of a 2-D motion vector field.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	677-687
Number of pages	11
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing
Volume	46
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/82.769776
State	Published - 1999
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Analog vlsi
Cmos imager
Focus of expansion
Motion sensor
Vision chip

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Signal Processing
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Access to Document

10.1109/82.769776

Cite this

@article{28c9c78ad1f24ad5bfd663cdd19cc437,

title = "Pulse-based 2-D motion sensors",

abstract = "We present two compact CMOS integrated circuits for computing the two-dimensional (2-D) local direction of motion of an image focused directly onto the chip. These circuits incorporate onboard photoreceptors and focal plane motion processing. With fully functional 14 x 13 and 12 x 13 implementations consuming less than 50 -iW per pixel, we conclude that practical pixel resolutions of at least 64 x 64 are easily achievable. Measurements characterizing the elementary one-dimensional motion detectors are presented along with a discussion of 2-D performance and example 2-D motion vector fields. As an example application of the sensor, it is shown that the array as fabricated can directly compute the focus of expansion of a 2-D motion vector field.",

keywords = "Analog vlsi, Cmos imager, Focus of expansion, Motion sensor, Vision chip",

author = "Higgins, {Charles M.} and Deutschmann, {Rainer A.} and Christof Koch",

note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received February 19, 1998; revised February 23, 1999. This work was supported by the Center for Neuromorphic Systems Engineering as a part of the National Science Foundation{\textquoteright}s Engineering Research Center program, and by the Office of Naval Research. The work of R. A. Deutschmann was supported by the German National Merit Foundation. This paper was recommended by Associate Editor B. Linares-Barranco.",

year = "1999",

doi = "10.1109/82.769776",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "46",

pages = "677--687",

journal = "IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing",

issn = "1057-7130",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

number = "6",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Pulse-based 2-D motion sensors

AU - Higgins, Charles M.

AU - Deutschmann, Rainer A.

AU - Koch, Christof

N1 - Funding Information: Manuscript received February 19, 1998; revised February 23, 1999. This work was supported by the Center for Neuromorphic Systems Engineering as a part of the National Science Foundation’s Engineering Research Center program, and by the Office of Naval Research. The work of R. A. Deutschmann was supported by the German National Merit Foundation. This paper was recommended by Associate Editor B. Linares-Barranco.

PY - 1999

Y1 - 1999

N2 - We present two compact CMOS integrated circuits for computing the two-dimensional (2-D) local direction of motion of an image focused directly onto the chip. These circuits incorporate onboard photoreceptors and focal plane motion processing. With fully functional 14 x 13 and 12 x 13 implementations consuming less than 50 -iW per pixel, we conclude that practical pixel resolutions of at least 64 x 64 are easily achievable. Measurements characterizing the elementary one-dimensional motion detectors are presented along with a discussion of 2-D performance and example 2-D motion vector fields. As an example application of the sensor, it is shown that the array as fabricated can directly compute the focus of expansion of a 2-D motion vector field.

AB - We present two compact CMOS integrated circuits for computing the two-dimensional (2-D) local direction of motion of an image focused directly onto the chip. These circuits incorporate onboard photoreceptors and focal plane motion processing. With fully functional 14 x 13 and 12 x 13 implementations consuming less than 50 -iW per pixel, we conclude that practical pixel resolutions of at least 64 x 64 are easily achievable. Measurements characterizing the elementary one-dimensional motion detectors are presented along with a discussion of 2-D performance and example 2-D motion vector fields. As an example application of the sensor, it is shown that the array as fabricated can directly compute the focus of expansion of a 2-D motion vector field.

KW - Analog vlsi

KW - Cmos imager

KW - Focus of expansion

KW - Motion sensor

KW - Vision chip

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0033149699&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0033149699&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1109/82.769776

DO - 10.1109/82.769776

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:0033149699

SN - 1057-7130

VL - 46

SP - 677

EP - 687

JO - IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing

JF - IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing

IS - 6

ER -

Pulse-based 2-D motion sensors

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this