TY - JOUR
T1 - PTE and multi-isotope assessment of spring water used for human consumption in the historical mining region of Taxco de Alarcón in southern Mexico
AU - Arroyo-Díaz, Fredderick
AU - Salgado-Souto, Sergio Adrián
AU - Del Rio-Salas, Rafael
AU - Talavera-Mendoza, Oscar
AU - Ramírez-Guzmán, Alejandro
AU - Ruíz, Joaquín
AU - Sarmiento-Villagrana, Alicia
AU - Guzmán-Martínez, María
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to Mark Baker, manager of the Laboratory of Geochemistry of the Department of Geosciences, at the University of Arizona , for the invaluable support during the acquisition of PTE and Sr, Pb, and S isotopic measurements. The present contribution formed part of a Master of Science thesis by FAD. This research was accomplished thanks to the support and the scholarship from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, México ( CONACYT ).
Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to Mark Baker, manager of the Laboratory of Geochemistry of the Department of Geosciences, at the University of Arizona, for the invaluable support during the acquisition of PTE and Sr, Pb, and S isotopic measurements. The present contribution formed part of a Master of Science thesis by FAD. This research was accomplished thanks to the support and the scholarship from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog?a, M?xico (CONACYT).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/6
Y1 - 2022/6
N2 - The concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTE) and the isotope compositions (87Sr/86Sr, δ34S, 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb ratios) were determined in spring water, sulfide minerals, and rocks samples to evaluate spring water used for human consumption in the historical mining region of Taxco de Alarcón, southern Mexico. The springs samples were collected from the most representative rock units of the study area, from older to younger, to the Taxco Schist, Morelos, Mexcala, Balsas, and Tilzapotla formations. The spring water samples were classified as HCO3–Ca and HCO3–Ca–Na–Mg. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Sb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ba, and Al in the spring water samples were below the recommended values for human consumption according to Mexican and international agencies. However, Al, Ba, Mn, Li, Tl, and Ga concentrations may represent adverse health effects. The average concentrations in the springs followed the decreasing order Tl > Cd > Pb > Sb > Ni > Cu > Li > Zn > Ga > Mn > Ba > Al. This order is similar to that of the rocks rather than the sulfide mineralization, which suggests a major water-rock interaction, and therefore, a genetic link with the rocks. The water-rock interaction is supported by the Sr isotope data, mainly with the rocks belonging to the Tilzapotla Fm. According to the S isotope composition of the springs, two groups were identified: (1) springs characterized by lighter δ34S values, similar to those of the disseminated pyrite hosted in rocks from the Mexcala Fm; and (2) springs with heavier δ34S values, which were within the compositional range of the sulfide mineralization and Morelos Fm rocks. The Pb isotope compositions and mixing models indicated that the rock formations, particularly the Morelos Fm rocks, and the sulfide mineralization, influenced the composition of the spring water. This type of research is crucial to assess PTE contents and sources of spring water used for human consumption, particularly in developing countries, where the lack of infrastructure is common in rural areas.
AB - The concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTE) and the isotope compositions (87Sr/86Sr, δ34S, 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb ratios) were determined in spring water, sulfide minerals, and rocks samples to evaluate spring water used for human consumption in the historical mining region of Taxco de Alarcón, southern Mexico. The springs samples were collected from the most representative rock units of the study area, from older to younger, to the Taxco Schist, Morelos, Mexcala, Balsas, and Tilzapotla formations. The spring water samples were classified as HCO3–Ca and HCO3–Ca–Na–Mg. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Sb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ba, and Al in the spring water samples were below the recommended values for human consumption according to Mexican and international agencies. However, Al, Ba, Mn, Li, Tl, and Ga concentrations may represent adverse health effects. The average concentrations in the springs followed the decreasing order Tl > Cd > Pb > Sb > Ni > Cu > Li > Zn > Ga > Mn > Ba > Al. This order is similar to that of the rocks rather than the sulfide mineralization, which suggests a major water-rock interaction, and therefore, a genetic link with the rocks. The water-rock interaction is supported by the Sr isotope data, mainly with the rocks belonging to the Tilzapotla Fm. According to the S isotope composition of the springs, two groups were identified: (1) springs characterized by lighter δ34S values, similar to those of the disseminated pyrite hosted in rocks from the Mexcala Fm; and (2) springs with heavier δ34S values, which were within the compositional range of the sulfide mineralization and Morelos Fm rocks. The Pb isotope compositions and mixing models indicated that the rock formations, particularly the Morelos Fm rocks, and the sulfide mineralization, influenced the composition of the spring water. This type of research is crucial to assess PTE contents and sources of spring water used for human consumption, particularly in developing countries, where the lack of infrastructure is common in rural areas.
KW - Mineralization
KW - Potentially toxic elements
KW - Spring water pollution
KW - Sr–S–Pb isotopes
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jsames.2022.103811
DO - 10.1016/j.jsames.2022.103811
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85128333802
SN - 0895-9811
VL - 116
JO - Journal of South American Earth Sciences
JF - Journal of South American Earth Sciences
M1 - 103811
ER -