TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among young reproductive age women in India
T2 - Implications for treatment and prevention
AU - Madhivanan, Purnima
AU - Bartman, Melissa T.
AU - Pasutti, Lauren
AU - Krupp, Karl
AU - Arun, Anjali
AU - Reingold, Arthur L.
AU - Klausner, Jeffrey D.
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - Background: Trichomonas vaginalis infection is the most common curable sexually transmissible infection (STI) worldwide. The present study describes the burden and correlates of T. vaginalis infection among young reproductive age women in Mysore, India. Methods: Between November 2005 and March 2006, sexually active women aged 1530 years were recruited from low-income peri-urban and rural neighbourhoods of Mysore, India. Participants were interviewed and offered a physical examination and testing for T. vaginalis, bacterial vaginosis, vaginal candidiasis, Neisseria gonorrheoea and herpes simplex virus type-2 antibodies. Results: Of the 898 participating women, 76 had a T. vaginalis infection (8.5%, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 6.710.5%). Nearly all (98%) participants were married and most reported their spouse as their main sex partner. The mean age at marriage was 16.9 years (s.d. 2.9 years) and two-thirds of the sample reported having first sexual intercourse before the age of 19 years. Risk factors independently associated with T. vaginalis infection included early age at first intercourse (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.09; 95% CI: 1.094.00), concurrent bacterial vaginosis (OR 8.21; 95% CI: 4.3015.66), vaginal candidiasis (OR 2.40; 95% CI: 1.483.89) and herpes simplex virus type-2 infection (OR 3.44; 95% CI: 1.976.02). Conclusion: The burden of T. vaginalis infection at 8.5% is relatively high among a community sample of young reproductive aged women. Because this infection increases the risk of HIV transmission and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, there is a need for increased screening and treatment of this easily curable sexually transmissible infection in India.
AB - Background: Trichomonas vaginalis infection is the most common curable sexually transmissible infection (STI) worldwide. The present study describes the burden and correlates of T. vaginalis infection among young reproductive age women in Mysore, India. Methods: Between November 2005 and March 2006, sexually active women aged 1530 years were recruited from low-income peri-urban and rural neighbourhoods of Mysore, India. Participants were interviewed and offered a physical examination and testing for T. vaginalis, bacterial vaginosis, vaginal candidiasis, Neisseria gonorrheoea and herpes simplex virus type-2 antibodies. Results: Of the 898 participating women, 76 had a T. vaginalis infection (8.5%, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 6.710.5%). Nearly all (98%) participants were married and most reported their spouse as their main sex partner. The mean age at marriage was 16.9 years (s.d. 2.9 years) and two-thirds of the sample reported having first sexual intercourse before the age of 19 years. Risk factors independently associated with T. vaginalis infection included early age at first intercourse (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.09; 95% CI: 1.094.00), concurrent bacterial vaginosis (OR 8.21; 95% CI: 4.3015.66), vaginal candidiasis (OR 2.40; 95% CI: 1.483.89) and herpes simplex virus type-2 infection (OR 3.44; 95% CI: 1.976.02). Conclusion: The burden of T. vaginalis infection at 8.5% is relatively high among a community sample of young reproductive aged women. Because this infection increases the risk of HIV transmission and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, there is a need for increased screening and treatment of this easily curable sexually transmissible infection in India.
KW - Correlates
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Sexually transmissible diseases
KW - Women.
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U2 - 10.1071/SH09038
DO - 10.1071/SH09038
M3 - Article
C2 - 19917204
AN - SCOPUS:70450198058
VL - 6
SP - 339
EP - 344
JO - Sexual Health
JF - Sexual Health
SN - 1448-5028
IS - 4
ER -