Presenteeism in nursing: An evolutionary concept analysis

Background Presenteeism is an emerging concept in nursing that has been linked to increased health care costs, patient medication errors and falls, and negative nurse well-being. However, prior work has utilized various definitions and antecedents. Clarity on the significance, development, and consequences of presenteeism in nursing is needed. Purpose This concept analysis seeks to understand the application of presenteeism within nursing workforce literature and in the broader workforce context. Method Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis method was used. Discussion The proposed definition of presenteeism as the act of being physically present at work with reduced performance can be attributed to multiple antecedents. These include nurse health, professional identity, work–life balance, and work environment. The prevalence of these antecedents with high rates of presenteeism among nurses and consequences point to the need for interventions. Conclusion These findings can guide development of future interventions and policies that address the broader context of factors leading to presenteeism.