TY - GEN
T1 - Post-passivation reactions occurring at the anode during copper electrorefining
AU - Moats, M. S.
AU - Hiskey, J. B.
PY - 1999
Y1 - 1999
N2 - A considerable amount of research has been conducted to determine the causes of anode passivation. Chemical and electrochemical reactions that occur after passivation have received little attention. Chronopotentiometry, linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy have been used to elucidate three reactions that occur after passivation of commercial copper anodes. These involve the dissolution of silver and subsequent cementation and transformation of selenides, the oxidation of lead sulfate to lead oxide, and oxygen evolution. The amount of silver dissolution depends on the silver content of the anode, the time to passivation, and the molar ratio of Ag/(Se+Te). The oxidation of lead from PbSO4 to PbOx explains a potential plateau of oxygen evolution. Silver affects the duration of oxygen evolution on the PbOx. Anodes containing kupferglimmer display a characteristic oxygen evolution potential. It is believed that kupferglimmer provides a lower overpotential for oxygen evolution than the other slime phases or passivated surface.
AB - A considerable amount of research has been conducted to determine the causes of anode passivation. Chemical and electrochemical reactions that occur after passivation have received little attention. Chronopotentiometry, linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy have been used to elucidate three reactions that occur after passivation of commercial copper anodes. These involve the dissolution of silver and subsequent cementation and transformation of selenides, the oxidation of lead sulfate to lead oxide, and oxygen evolution. The amount of silver dissolution depends on the silver content of the anode, the time to passivation, and the molar ratio of Ag/(Se+Te). The oxidation of lead from PbSO4 to PbOx explains a potential plateau of oxygen evolution. Silver affects the duration of oxygen evolution on the PbOx. Anodes containing kupferglimmer display a characteristic oxygen evolution potential. It is believed that kupferglimmer provides a lower overpotential for oxygen evolution than the other slime phases or passivated surface.
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M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:0033489168
SN - 0873394372
T3 - 4th International Conference COPPER 99-COBRE 99
SP - 405
EP - 424
BT - 4th International Conference COPPER 99-COBRE 99
A2 - Dutrizac, J.E.
A2 - Ji, J.
A2 - Ramachandran, V.
A2 - Dutrizac, J.E.
A2 - Ji, J.
A2 - Ramachandran, V.
T2 - Fourth International Conference COPPER 99 - COBRE 99
Y2 - 10 October 1999 through 13 October 1999
ER -