TY - JOUR
T1 - Plant centromere organization
T2 - a dynamic structure with conserved functions
AU - Ma, Jianxin
AU - Wing, Rod A.
AU - Bennetzen, Jeffrey L.
AU - Jackson, Scott A.
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and to the National Science Foundation for supporting this work (grant number DBI-0501814 to J.L.B., DBI-0227414 to S.A.J. and DBI-0321678 to R.A.W. and S.A.J.). Centromere drive a model that proposes selection for the unequal transmission of competing centromeres in female meiosis. Kinetochore formation the formation of a protein structure that assembles on the centromere and links the chromosome to microtubule polymers, which are attached to the mitotic spindle during mitosis and meiosis in eukaryotes. The kinetochore contains two regions: an inner kinetochore, which is tightly associated with the centromeric DNA; and an outer kinetochore, which interacts with the microtubules. Negative selection natural selection that selectively removes rare alleles that are deleterious. Positive selection natural selection that favors a single allele, resulting in allele frequency continuously shifting in one direction. Recombinational cold spots the genomic regions where meiotic recombination is severely or completely suppressed in contrast to the genomic regions where meiotic recombination occurs normally or more frequently. Sister chromatid cohesion the joining of the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome along the entire length of the chromosome, a process that occurs during mitosis. This cohesion cycle is crucial for high-fidelity transmission of chromosomes.
PY - 2007/3
Y1 - 2007/3
N2 - Although the structural features of centromeres from most multicellular eukaryotes remain to be characterized, recent analyses of the complete sequences of two centromeric regions of rice, together with data from Arabidopsis thaliana and maize, have illuminated the considerable size variation and sequence divergence of plant centromeres. Despite the severe suppression of meiotic chromosomal exchange in centromeric and pericentromeric regions of rice, the centromere core shows high rates of unequal homologous recombination in the absence of chromosomal exchange, resulting in frequent and extensive DNA rearrangement. Not only is the sequence of centromeric tandem and non-tandem repeats highly variable but also the copy number, spacing, order and orientation, providing ample natural variation as the basis for selection of superior centromere performance. This review article focuses on the structural and evolutionary dynamics of plant centromere organization and the potential molecular mechanisms responsible for the rapid changes of centromeric components.
AB - Although the structural features of centromeres from most multicellular eukaryotes remain to be characterized, recent analyses of the complete sequences of two centromeric regions of rice, together with data from Arabidopsis thaliana and maize, have illuminated the considerable size variation and sequence divergence of plant centromeres. Despite the severe suppression of meiotic chromosomal exchange in centromeric and pericentromeric regions of rice, the centromere core shows high rates of unequal homologous recombination in the absence of chromosomal exchange, resulting in frequent and extensive DNA rearrangement. Not only is the sequence of centromeric tandem and non-tandem repeats highly variable but also the copy number, spacing, order and orientation, providing ample natural variation as the basis for selection of superior centromere performance. This review article focuses on the structural and evolutionary dynamics of plant centromere organization and the potential molecular mechanisms responsible for the rapid changes of centromeric components.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.tig.2007.01.004
DO - 10.1016/j.tig.2007.01.004
M3 - Review article
C2 - 17275131
AN - SCOPUS:33847030761
SN - 0168-9525
VL - 23
SP - 134
EP - 139
JO - Trends in Genetics
JF - Trends in Genetics
IS - 3
ER -