Physics for clinicians: Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and double inversion recovery (DIR) Imaging

Manojkumar Saranathan; Pauline W. Worters; Dan W. Rettmann; Blair Winegar; Jennifer Becker

doi:10.1002/jmri.25737

Physics for clinicians: Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and double inversion recovery (DIR) Imaging

Manojkumar Saranathan, Pauline W. Worters, Dan W. Rettmann, Blair Winegar, Jennifer Becker

Medical Imaging

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

26 Scopus citations

Abstract

A pedagogical review of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and double inversion recovery (DIR) imaging is conducted in this article. The basics of the two pulse sequences are first described, including the details of the inversion preparation and imaging sequences with accompanying mathematical formulae for choosing the inversion time in a variety of scenarios for use on clinical MRI scanners. Magnetization preparation (or T2prep), a strategy for improving image signal-to-noise ratio and contrast and reducing T₁ weighting at high field strengths, is also described. Lastly, image artifacts commonly associated with FLAIR and DIR are described with clinical examples, to help avoid misdiagnosis. Level of Evidence: 5. Technical Efficacy: Stage 2. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;46:1590–1600.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1590-1600
Number of pages	11
Journal	Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Volume	46
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.25737
State	Published - Dec 2017

Keywords

DIR
FLAIR
inversion recovery
physics for clinicians

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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10.1002/jmri.25737

Cite this

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title = "Physics for clinicians: Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and double inversion recovery (DIR) Imaging",

abstract = "A pedagogical review of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and double inversion recovery (DIR) imaging is conducted in this article. The basics of the two pulse sequences are first described, including the details of the inversion preparation and imaging sequences with accompanying mathematical formulae for choosing the inversion time in a variety of scenarios for use on clinical MRI scanners. Magnetization preparation (or T2prep), a strategy for improving image signal-to-noise ratio and contrast and reducing T1 weighting at high field strengths, is also described. Lastly, image artifacts commonly associated with FLAIR and DIR are described with clinical examples, to help avoid misdiagnosis. Level of Evidence: 5. Technical Efficacy: Stage 2. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;46:1590–1600.",

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AU - Winegar, Blair

AU - Becker, Jennifer

PY - 2017/12

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Physics for clinicians: Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and double inversion recovery (DIR) Imaging

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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