@inproceedings{53d5a3080b8e441dae45aee4d0e00f18,
title = "Performance of near-infrared high-contrast imaging methods with JWST from commissioning",
abstract = "The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will revolutionize the field of high-contrast imaging and enable both the direct detection of Saturn-mass planets and the characterization of substellar companions in the mid-infrared. While JWST will feature unprecedented sensitivity, angular resolution will be the key factor when competing with ground-based telescopes. Here, we aim to characterize the performance of several extreme angular resolution imaging techniques available with JWST in the 3-5 µm regime based on data taken during the instrument commissioning. Firstly, we introduce custom tools to simulate, reduce, and analyze JWST NIRCam and MIRI coronagraphy data and use these tools to extract companion detection limits from on-sky NIRCam round and bar mask coronagraphy observations. Secondly, we present on-sky JWST NIRISS aperture masking interferometry (AMI) and kernel phase imaging (KPI) observations from which we extract companion detection limits using the publicly available fouriever tool. Scaled to a total integration time of one hour and a target of the brightness of AB Dor (W1 ≈ 4.4 mag, W2 ≈ 3.9 mag), we find that NIRISS AMI and KPI reach contrasts of ∼ 7-8 mag at ∼ 70 mas and ∼ 9 mag at ∼ 200 mas. Beyond ∼ 250 mas, NIRCam coronagraphy reaches deeper contrasts of ∼ 13 mag at ∼ 500 mas and ∼ 15 mag at ∼ 2 arcsec. While the bar mask performs ∼ 1 mag better than the round mask at small angular separations ≲ 0.75 arcsec, it is the other way around at large angular separations ≳ 1.5 arcsec. Moreover, the round mask gives access to the full 360 deg field-of-view which is beneficial for the search of new companions. We conclude that already during the instrument commissioning, JWST high-contrast imaging in the L- and M-bands performs close to its predicted limits and is a factor of ∼ 10 times better at large separations than the best ground-based instruments operating at similar wavelengths despite its > 2 times smaller collecting area.",
keywords = "coronagraphy, exoplanets, high-contrast imaging, interferometry, planetary systems, space telescopes",
author = "Jens Kammerer and Julien Girard and Carter, {Aarynn L.} and Perrin, {Marshall D.} and Rachel Cooper and Deepashri Thatte and Thomas Vandal and Jarron Leisenring and Jason Wang and Balmer, {William O.} and Anand Sivaramakrishnan and Laurent Pueyo and Kimberly Ward-Duong and Ben Sunnquist and Redai, {J{\'e}a Adams}",
note = "Funding Information: These observations were made possible through the efforts of the many hundreds of people in the international commissioning team for JWST. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with program #1441 and #1093. Support for programs #1194, #1411, and #1412 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 SPIE.; Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave ; Conference date: 17-07-2022 Through 22-07-2022",
year = "2022",
doi = "10.1117/12.2628865",
language = "English (US)",
series = "Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering",
publisher = "SPIE",
editor = "Coyle, {Laura E.} and Shuji Matsuura and Perrin, {Marshall D.}",
booktitle = "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022",
}