Pentoxifylline reduces coronary leukocyte accumulation early in reperfusion after cold ischemia

Stephen C. Gale, Jason Y. Hokama, Leslie S. Ritter, Grace D. Gorman, Jack G. Copeland, Paul F. McDonagh

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background. Ischemia/reperfusion injury can complicate recovery in cardiac operations. Ischemia induces endothelial dysfunction, which may contribute to leukocyte accumulation during reperfusion. Leukocyte-mediated injury may then occur. Using intravital microscopy we previously reported increased leukocyte retention in coronary capillaries and venules during early reperfusion during warm ischemia/reperfusion. In this study we investigated whether cold cardioplegic protection would limit leukocyte sequestration in coronary microvessels early in reperfusion. Pentoxifylline (PTX) has antiinflammatory effects and may limit endothelial dysfunction during ischemia/reperfusion. The effect of cardioplegia modification with PTX was also examined. Methods. Isolated rat hearts were subjected to 90 minutes of 4°C ischemia after arrest with cardioplegia. Hearts were reperfused with diluted whole blood containing fluorescent-labeled leukocytes. Leukocyte retention in coronary microvessels was observed with intravital microscopy. Three groups were studied, nonischemic control, cold ischemia, and PTX-modified cold ischemia. Results. In coronary capillaries, leukocyte trapping was nearly doubled in unmodified cold ischemia versus control. PTX modification significantly reduced leukocyte accumulation. In coronary venules, greater leukocyte adhesion was observed in unmodified cold ischemia compared to nonischemic controls. PTX modification significantly reduced leukocyte adhesion. Conclusions. Cold cardioplegia did not prevent leukocyte retention in the coronary microcirculation early in reperfusion. PTX modification of cardioplegia significantly reduced leukocyte sequestration in coronary capillaries and venules. Preserving endothelial function during ischemia may limit leukocyte accumulation and ischemia/reperfusion injury after cardiac operation.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1305-1311
Number of pages7
JournalAnnals of Thoracic Surgery
Volume71
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - 2001

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Surgery
  • Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Pentoxifylline reduces coronary leukocyte accumulation early in reperfusion after cold ischemia'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this