Abstract
Relief of pain is rewarding. Using a model of experimental postsurgical pain we show that blockade of afferent input from the injury with local anesthetic elicits conditioned place preference, activates ventral tegmental dopaminergic cells, and increases dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens. Importantly, place preference is associated with increased activity in midbrain dopaminergic neurons and blocked by dopamine antagonists injected into the nucleus accumbens. The data directly support the hypothesis that relief of pain produces negative reinforcement through activation of the mesolimbic reward–valuation circuitry.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 20709-20713 |
Number of pages | 5 |
Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
Volume | 109 |
Issue number | 50 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Dec 11 2012 |
Keywords
- Immunohistochemistry
- In vivo microdialysis
- Incision
- Motivated behavior
- Ventral tegmental area
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General