Abstract
In this study the osmotic barrier characteristics of the rat peritoneal membrane were investigated. Fluid movements between the peritoneal cavity and the blood were measured following instillation of isotonic saline (control) and hypertonic solutions of NaCl, glucose, sucrose, raffinose and myoglobin (test solutions). Moreover, 5 and 8% albumin in NaCl were investigated. Osmotic transients were assessed using a simple volume recovery technique. Peritoneal osmotic conductances (i.e. products of peritoneal hydraulic conductances [LPS] and solute reflection coefficients [s̀]) were calculated from the differences in the rates of peritoneal fluid loss and in osmotic pressures between test solutions and the isotonic saline control solution. The osmotic conductance to glucose was estimated to be 1.63/l min‐1 mmHg‐1 m‐2 and that for albumin to be 59.6 μl min‐1 mmHg‐1 m‐2. Assuming an albumin s̀ of 0.9, the s̀ of glucose was estimated to be 0.025, in accordance with previous measurements for the cat peritoneal membrane. The osmotic conductances assessed here were compatible with an overalľ peritoneal equivalent small pore radius of 47–48 Å, but could also be fitted to a three‐pore model of peritoneal permselectivity, including a transcellular (ultra‐small pore) pathway and a large pore pathway. The great discrepancy between peritoneal s̀ for small solutes and that for albumin obtained in this study indicates that small solute reflection coefficients are close to zero while that for albumin is not far from unity. Furthermore, the peritoneal hydraulic conductance (ultrafiltration coefficient) is large enough to allow for a substantial absorption of fluid directly into the plasma when the crystalloid osmotic pressures in blood and peritoneal dialysate are in equilibrium.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 355-364 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Acta Physiologica Scandinavica |
Volume | 149 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 1993 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Capillary permeability
- osmotic reflection coefficient
- peritoneal dialysis
- peritoneal hydraulic conductance
- peritoneal permeability
- pore theory
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physiology