TY - GEN
T1 - Operational characteristics and potential of scientific-grade charge-coupled devices in x-ray imaging applications
AU - Karellas, Andrew
AU - Liu, Hong
AU - Harris, Lisa J.
AU - D'Orsi, Carl J.
PY - 1992
Y1 - 1992
N2 - In diagnostic imaging, primarily because of the low optical coupling efficiency and the limited sensitivity of video cameras, the use of an x-ray intensifying screen coupled to a camera by a lens is considered suboptimal. Modern electronic x ray acquisition employs image intensification in order to achieve an adequate signal for the camera at the output end of the tube. The high gain of modern intensifiers enables the acquisition of images with noise characteristics limited by the number of detected x-ray photons. However, the advent of ultra- sensitive low-noise CCDs have prompted a re-examination of non-intensified optical coupling approaches for limited applications in medical x-ray imaging where image intensifiers are not optimal. The measured characteristics of a cooled CCD system, with 2048 × 2048 pixels are presented as they apply to the requirements for some x-ray imaging applications. Measurements with a lens coupling suggest that the x-ray quantum limit may be reached in such a system after careful optimization of the components, but much better results may be attained with fiberoptic coupling. The potential merits of intensified versus non-intensified approaches are also discussed.
AB - In diagnostic imaging, primarily because of the low optical coupling efficiency and the limited sensitivity of video cameras, the use of an x-ray intensifying screen coupled to a camera by a lens is considered suboptimal. Modern electronic x ray acquisition employs image intensification in order to achieve an adequate signal for the camera at the output end of the tube. The high gain of modern intensifiers enables the acquisition of images with noise characteristics limited by the number of detected x-ray photons. However, the advent of ultra- sensitive low-noise CCDs have prompted a re-examination of non-intensified optical coupling approaches for limited applications in medical x-ray imaging where image intensifiers are not optimal. The measured characteristics of a cooled CCD system, with 2048 × 2048 pixels are presented as they apply to the requirements for some x-ray imaging applications. Measurements with a lens coupling suggest that the x-ray quantum limit may be reached in such a system after careful optimization of the components, but much better results may be attained with fiberoptic coupling. The potential merits of intensified versus non-intensified approaches are also discussed.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0026963713&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0026963713&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:0026963713
SN - 0819408093
T3 - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
SP - 85
EP - 91
BT - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
PB - Publ by Int Soc for Optical Engineering
T2 - Electron Tubes and Image Intensifiers
Y2 - 10 February 1992 through 11 February 1992
ER -