Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory - III. Source counts and P(D) analysis

S. J. Oliver; P. Goldschmidt; A. Franceschini; S. B.G. Serjeant; A. Efstathiou; A. Verma; C. Gruppioni; N. Eaton; R. G. Mann; B. Mobasher; C. P. Pearson; M. Rowan-Robinson; T. J. Sumner; L. Danese; D. Elbaz; E. Egami; M. Kontizas; A. Lawrence; R. McMahon; H. U. Norgaard-Nielsen; I. Perez-Fournon; J. I. Gonzalez-Serrano

doi:10.1093/mnras/289.2.471

Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory - III. Source counts and P(D) analysis

S. J. Oliver, P. Goldschmidt, A. Franceschini, S. B.G. Serjeant, A. Efstathiou, A. Verma, C. Gruppioni, N. Eaton, R. G. Mann, B. Mobasher, C. P. Pearson, M. Rowan-Robinson, T. J. Sumner, L. Danese, D. Elbaz, E. Egami, M. Kontizas, A. Lawrence, R. McMahon, H. U. Norgaard-NielsenI. Perez-Fournon, J. I. Gonzalez-Serrano

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

70 Scopus citations

Abstract

We present source counts at 6.7 and 15 μm from our maps of the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) region, reaching 38.6 μJy at 6.7 μm and 255 μJy at 15 μm. These are the first ever extragalactic number counts to be presented at 6.7 μm, and are three decades fainter than IRAS at 12 μm. Both source counts and a P(D) analysis suggest that we have reached the Infrared Space Obsen'atory (ISO) confusion limit at 15 μm: this will have important implications for future space missions. These data provide an excellent reference point for other ongoing ISO surveys. A no-evolution model at 15 μm is ruled out at > 3σ, while two models which fit the steep IRAS 60-μm counts are acceptable. This provides important confirmation of the strong evolution seen in IRAS surveys. One of these models can then be ruled out from the 6.7-μm data.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	471-481
Number of pages	11
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	289
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/289.2.471
State	Published - 1997
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Galaxies: Evolution
Galaxies: Formation
Galaxies: Seyfert galaxies: Starburst
Infrared: Galaxies
Surveys

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1093/mnras/289.2.471

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Oliver, S. J., Goldschmidt, P., Franceschini, A., Serjeant, S. B. G., Efstathiou, A., Verma, A., Gruppioni, C., Eaton, N., Mann, R. G., Mobasher, B., Pearson, C. P., Rowan-Robinson, M., Sumner, T. J., Danese, L., Elbaz, D., Egami, E., Kontizas, M., Lawrence, A., McMahon, R., ... Gonzalez-Serrano, J. I. (1997). Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory - III. Source counts and P(D) analysis. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 289(2), 471-481. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/289.2.471

Oliver, SJ, Goldschmidt, P, Franceschini, A, Serjeant, SBG, Efstathiou, A, Verma, A, Gruppioni, C, Eaton, N, Mann, RG, Mobasher, B, Pearson, CP, Rowan-Robinson, M, Sumner, TJ, Danese, L, Elbaz, D, Egami, E, Kontizas, M, Lawrence, A, McMahon, R, Norgaard-Nielsen, HU, Perez-Fournon, I & Gonzalez-Serrano, JI 1997, 'Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory - III. Source counts and P(D) analysis', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 289, no. 2, pp. 471-481. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/289.2.471

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abstract = "We present source counts at 6.7 and 15 μm from our maps of the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) region, reaching 38.6 μJy at 6.7 μm and 255 μJy at 15 μm. These are the first ever extragalactic number counts to be presented at 6.7 μm, and are three decades fainter than IRAS at 12 μm. Both source counts and a P(D) analysis suggest that we have reached the Infrared Space Obsen'atory (ISO) confusion limit at 15 μm: this will have important implications for future space missions. These data provide an excellent reference point for other ongoing ISO surveys. A no-evolution model at 15 μm is ruled out at > 3σ, while two models which fit the steep IRAS 60-μm counts are acceptable. This provides important confirmation of the strong evolution seen in IRAS surveys. One of these models can then be ruled out from the 6.7-μm data.",

keywords = "Galaxies: Evolution, Galaxies: Formation, Galaxies: Seyfert galaxies: Starburst, Infrared: Galaxies, Surveys",

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pages = "471--481",

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T1 - Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory - III. Source counts and P(D) analysis

AU - Oliver, S. J.

AU - Goldschmidt, P.

AU - Franceschini, A.

AU - Serjeant, S. B.G.

AU - Efstathiou, A.

AU - Verma, A.

AU - Gruppioni, C.

AU - Eaton, N.

AU - Mann, R. G.

AU - Mobasher, B.

AU - Pearson, C. P.

AU - Rowan-Robinson, M.

AU - Sumner, T. J.

AU - Danese, L.

AU - Elbaz, D.

AU - Egami, E.

AU - Kontizas, M.

AU - Lawrence, A.

AU - McMahon, R.

AU - Norgaard-Nielsen, H. U.

AU - Perez-Fournon, I.

AU - Gonzalez-Serrano, J. I.

PY - 1997

Y1 - 1997

N2 - We present source counts at 6.7 and 15 μm from our maps of the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) region, reaching 38.6 μJy at 6.7 μm and 255 μJy at 15 μm. These are the first ever extragalactic number counts to be presented at 6.7 μm, and are three decades fainter than IRAS at 12 μm. Both source counts and a P(D) analysis suggest that we have reached the Infrared Space Obsen'atory (ISO) confusion limit at 15 μm: this will have important implications for future space missions. These data provide an excellent reference point for other ongoing ISO surveys. A no-evolution model at 15 μm is ruled out at > 3σ, while two models which fit the steep IRAS 60-μm counts are acceptable. This provides important confirmation of the strong evolution seen in IRAS surveys. One of these models can then be ruled out from the 6.7-μm data.

AB - We present source counts at 6.7 and 15 μm from our maps of the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) region, reaching 38.6 μJy at 6.7 μm and 255 μJy at 15 μm. These are the first ever extragalactic number counts to be presented at 6.7 μm, and are three decades fainter than IRAS at 12 μm. Both source counts and a P(D) analysis suggest that we have reached the Infrared Space Obsen'atory (ISO) confusion limit at 15 μm: this will have important implications for future space missions. These data provide an excellent reference point for other ongoing ISO surveys. A no-evolution model at 15 μm is ruled out at > 3σ, while two models which fit the steep IRAS 60-μm counts are acceptable. This provides important confirmation of the strong evolution seen in IRAS surveys. One of these models can then be ruled out from the 6.7-μm data.

KW - Galaxies: Evolution

KW - Galaxies: Formation

KW - Galaxies: Seyfert galaxies: Starburst

KW - Infrared: Galaxies

KW - Surveys

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Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory - III. Source counts and P(D) analysis

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Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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