TY - JOUR
T1 - Noninvasive Acoustoelectric Imaging of Resistivity Distribution Based on Lead Field Theory
AU - Song, Xizi
AU - Zhou, Yijie
AU - Witte, Russell S.
AU - Ming, Dong
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 81630051, Grant 61603269, Grant 81601565, and Grant 81801787 and in part by the Tianjin Key Technology Research and Development Program under Grant 15ZCZDSY00930.
Funding Information:
Manuscript received August 21, 2018; revised January 14, 2019; accepted January 15, 2019. Date of publication April 12, 2019; date of current version November 8, 2019. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 81630051, Grant 61603269, Grant 81601565, and Grant 81801787 and in part by the Tianjin Key Technology Research and Development Program under Grant 15ZCZDSY00930. The Associate Editor coordinating the review process was Amitava Chatterjee. (Xizi Song and Yijie Zhou contributed equally to this work). (Corresponding author: Dong Ming.) X. Song, Y. Zhou, and D. Ming are with the Academy of Medical Engineering and Translation Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China (e-mail: [email protected]).
Publisher Copyright:
© 1963-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2019/12
Y1 - 2019/12
N2 - Acoustoelectric (AE) effect is a basic physical interaction that focused ultrasound that alters the resistivity at the focal spot. Exploiting the AE effect, noninvasive AE imaging (nAEI) of resistivity distribution is investigated based on lead field theory. According to lead field theory, measured AE signal is of good spatial position property, which is sifted by focused ultrasound. Therefore, nAEI can form images directly without resorting to the inverse algorithm. A uniform phantom, 15% NaCl solution, and a nonuniform phantom, composed of 15% NaCl solution and fat, are imaged and discussed. In the experiment, both stimulating and recording electrodes are noninvasive, fixed on the boundary of the imaging chamber. A 1-MHz focused ultrasound transducer scans across the imaging chamber to make spatial sifting. For the uniform phantom with the fixed focal spot, the linear relationship between measured AE signal envelope and injected current signal is tested. In addition, taking resistivity distribution into consideration, the yz-section images of uniform and nonuniform phantoms are presented. Compared to that of the uniform phantom, the resistivity distribution interface of nonuniform phantom can be obviously imaged and distinguished, which is verified by ultrasound pulse-echo imaging. Also, the 3-D slice images confirm that, even taking injected current into consideration, nAEI is potential for resistivity distribution. Finally, the experiment results are discussed and the reason is analyzed from the aspect of enhanced ultrasound pressure and current density induced by resistivity distribution. Both experimental and simulation results validate the feasibility of nAEI of resistivity distribution, and this paper potentially enhances the application of nAEI for cancer detection.
AB - Acoustoelectric (AE) effect is a basic physical interaction that focused ultrasound that alters the resistivity at the focal spot. Exploiting the AE effect, noninvasive AE imaging (nAEI) of resistivity distribution is investigated based on lead field theory. According to lead field theory, measured AE signal is of good spatial position property, which is sifted by focused ultrasound. Therefore, nAEI can form images directly without resorting to the inverse algorithm. A uniform phantom, 15% NaCl solution, and a nonuniform phantom, composed of 15% NaCl solution and fat, are imaged and discussed. In the experiment, both stimulating and recording electrodes are noninvasive, fixed on the boundary of the imaging chamber. A 1-MHz focused ultrasound transducer scans across the imaging chamber to make spatial sifting. For the uniform phantom with the fixed focal spot, the linear relationship between measured AE signal envelope and injected current signal is tested. In addition, taking resistivity distribution into consideration, the yz-section images of uniform and nonuniform phantoms are presented. Compared to that of the uniform phantom, the resistivity distribution interface of nonuniform phantom can be obviously imaged and distinguished, which is verified by ultrasound pulse-echo imaging. Also, the 3-D slice images confirm that, even taking injected current into consideration, nAEI is potential for resistivity distribution. Finally, the experiment results are discussed and the reason is analyzed from the aspect of enhanced ultrasound pressure and current density induced by resistivity distribution. Both experimental and simulation results validate the feasibility of nAEI of resistivity distribution, and this paper potentially enhances the application of nAEI for cancer detection.
KW - Acoustoelectric (AE) effect
KW - breast cancer
KW - electrical impedance tomography (EIT)
KW - noninvasive AE imaging (nAEI)
KW - resistivity distribution
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U2 - 10.1109/TIM.2019.2896549
DO - 10.1109/TIM.2019.2896549
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85077447656
SN - 0018-9456
VL - 68
SP - 4779
EP - 4786
JO - IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
JF - IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement
IS - 12
M1 - 8689044
ER -