TY - JOUR
T1 - New Identifications of the CCH Radical in Planetary Nebulae
T2 - A Connection to C60?
AU - Schmidt, D. R.
AU - Ziurys, L. M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved..
PY - 2017/12/1
Y1 - 2017/12/1
N2 - New detections of CCH have been made toward nine planetary nebulae (PNe), including K4-47, K3-58, K3-17, M3-28, and M4-14. Measurements of the N = 1 → 0 and N = 3 → 2 transitions of this radical near 87 and 262 GHz were carried out using the new 12 m and the Sub-Millimeter Telescope (SMT) of the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO). The presence of fine and/or hyperfine structure in the spectra aided in the identification. CCH was not observed in two PNe which are sources of C60. The planetary nebulae with positive detections represent a wide range of ages and morphologies, and all had previously been observed in HCN and HNC. Column densities for CCH in the PNe, determined from radiative transfer modeling, were N tot(CCH) ∼ 0.2-3.3 í 1015 cm-2, corresponding to fractional abundances with respect to H2 of f ∼ 0.2-47 í 10-7. The abundance of CCH was found to not vary significantly with kinematic age across a time span of ∼10,000 years, in contrast to predictions of chemical models. CCH appears to be a fairly common constituent of PNe that are carbon-rich, and its distribution may anti-correlate with that of C60. These results suggest that CCH may be a product of C60 photodestruction, which is known to create C2 units. The molecule may subsequently survive the PN stage and populate diffuse clouds. The distinct, double-horned line profiles for CCH observed in K3-45 and M3-28 indicate the possible presence of a bipolar flow oriented at least partially toward the line of sight.
AB - New detections of CCH have been made toward nine planetary nebulae (PNe), including K4-47, K3-58, K3-17, M3-28, and M4-14. Measurements of the N = 1 → 0 and N = 3 → 2 transitions of this radical near 87 and 262 GHz were carried out using the new 12 m and the Sub-Millimeter Telescope (SMT) of the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO). The presence of fine and/or hyperfine structure in the spectra aided in the identification. CCH was not observed in two PNe which are sources of C60. The planetary nebulae with positive detections represent a wide range of ages and morphologies, and all had previously been observed in HCN and HNC. Column densities for CCH in the PNe, determined from radiative transfer modeling, were N tot(CCH) ∼ 0.2-3.3 í 1015 cm-2, corresponding to fractional abundances with respect to H2 of f ∼ 0.2-47 í 10-7. The abundance of CCH was found to not vary significantly with kinematic age across a time span of ∼10,000 years, in contrast to predictions of chemical models. CCH appears to be a fairly common constituent of PNe that are carbon-rich, and its distribution may anti-correlate with that of C60. These results suggest that CCH may be a product of C60 photodestruction, which is known to create C2 units. The molecule may subsequently survive the PN stage and populate diffuse clouds. The distinct, double-horned line profiles for CCH observed in K3-45 and M3-28 indicate the possible presence of a bipolar flow oriented at least partially toward the line of sight.
KW - ISM: molecules
KW - astrochemistry
KW - planetary nebulae: general
KW - radio lines: ISM
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U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/aa8a6a
DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/aa8a6a
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85037715469
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 850
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
IS - 2
M1 - 123
ER -