Neisseria sicca/subflava: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis

In this case report, we describe a rare continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)-associated peritonitis involving the gram-negative bacterium Neisseria sicca/subflava, which was reported as a gram-positive coccus on Gram stain by 2 separate laboratories. Although this is not the first report of Neisseria sicca/subflava as the cause of peritonitis in a patient undergoing CAPD, it is an uncommon pathogen. Consideration must be given to uncommon pathogens and unexpected results, particularly when treatment based on laboratory results does not produce the expected outcome.