Microbial water quality improvement by small scale on-site subsurface wetland treatment

Rita L. Nokes; Charles P. Gerba; Martin M. Karpiscak

doi:10.1081/ESE-120022883

Microbial water quality improvement by small scale on-site subsurface wetland treatment

Rita L. Nokes, Charles P. Gerba, Martin M. Karpiscak

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

28 Scopus citations

Abstract

It has been demonstrated that large constructed wetlands used for domestic wastewater treatment are useful in the reduction of enteric microorganisms. This study evaluated the ability of three small-scale, on-site subsurface wetlands with different vegetation densities to remove total coliforms, fecal coliforms, coliphage, Giardia and Cryptosporidium. These wetlands were found to be equally efficient in the removal of enteric bacteria and coliphage as larger constructed wetlands. Giardia and Cryptosporidium were usually undetectable after passage of the wastewater through the subsurface wetlands. Coliphage removal increased with increasing vegetation density.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1849-1855
Number of pages	7
Journal	Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering
Volume	38
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1081/ESE-120022883
State	Published - 2003

Keywords

Coliphage
Constructed wetland
Cryptosporidium
Giardia
On-site treatment
Sub-surface wetland
Virus

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Environmental Engineering

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10.1081/ESE-120022883

Cite this

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title = "Microbial water quality improvement by small scale on-site subsurface wetland treatment",

abstract = "It has been demonstrated that large constructed wetlands used for domestic wastewater treatment are useful in the reduction of enteric microorganisms. This study evaluated the ability of three small-scale, on-site subsurface wetlands with different vegetation densities to remove total coliforms, fecal coliforms, coliphage, Giardia and Cryptosporidium. These wetlands were found to be equally efficient in the removal of enteric bacteria and coliphage as larger constructed wetlands. Giardia and Cryptosporidium were usually undetectable after passage of the wastewater through the subsurface wetlands. Coliphage removal increased with increasing vegetation density.",

keywords = "Coliphage, Constructed wetland, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, On-site treatment, Sub-surface wetland, Virus",

author = "Nokes, {Rita L.} and Gerba, {Charles P.} and Karpiscak, {Martin M.}",

note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge the support provided by the Pima County Wastewater Management Department through the Constructed Ecosystem Research Facility, the Sahuarita School District, The Nature Conservancy{\textquoteright}s Hassayampa River Preserve and Ed and Mary Jacks.",

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doi = "10.1081/ESE-120022883",

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pages = "1849--1855",

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AU - Gerba, Charles P.

AU - Karpiscak, Martin M.

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PY - 2003

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N2 - It has been demonstrated that large constructed wetlands used for domestic wastewater treatment are useful in the reduction of enteric microorganisms. This study evaluated the ability of three small-scale, on-site subsurface wetlands with different vegetation densities to remove total coliforms, fecal coliforms, coliphage, Giardia and Cryptosporidium. These wetlands were found to be equally efficient in the removal of enteric bacteria and coliphage as larger constructed wetlands. Giardia and Cryptosporidium were usually undetectable after passage of the wastewater through the subsurface wetlands. Coliphage removal increased with increasing vegetation density.

AB - It has been demonstrated that large constructed wetlands used for domestic wastewater treatment are useful in the reduction of enteric microorganisms. This study evaluated the ability of three small-scale, on-site subsurface wetlands with different vegetation densities to remove total coliforms, fecal coliforms, coliphage, Giardia and Cryptosporidium. These wetlands were found to be equally efficient in the removal of enteric bacteria and coliphage as larger constructed wetlands. Giardia and Cryptosporidium were usually undetectable after passage of the wastewater through the subsurface wetlands. Coliphage removal increased with increasing vegetation density.

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KW - Constructed wetland

KW - Cryptosporidium

KW - Giardia

KW - On-site treatment

KW - Sub-surface wetland

KW - Virus

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Microbial water quality improvement by small scale on-site subsurface wetland treatment

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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