Materialism, Minimal Emergentism, and the Hard Problem of Consciousness

This chapter formulates and motivates the current favored articulation of the metaphysical doctrine of materialism. It describes an alternative metaphysical position called minimal emergentism, which has two versions; and then contrasts it with stronger kinds of emergentism. Minimal emergentism posits certain inter-level necessitation relations - either nomically necessary connections, or metaphysically necessary connections - that are metaphysically brute. The chapter sets forth what it takes to be some very powerful challenges to materialism - challenges involving features of human consciousness. Finally, the chapter argues that in light of these challenges, minimal emergentism is a viable and theoretically appealing non-materialist metaphysic of mind.